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Binomial Theorem question

2020 · 5 Sep · Shift 1 · Q22
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  5. /2020 · 5 Sep · Shift 1 · Q22

Binomial Theorem question

2020 · 5 Sep · Shift 1 · Q22

JEE MainMathematicsBinomial TheoremNumerical+4 / −1
The natural number m, for which the coefficient of x in the binomial expansion of (xm+1x2)22{\left( {{x^m} + {1 \over {{x^2}}}} \right)^{22}}(xm+x21​)22 is 1540, is .............
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 13

  1. Write the general term of (xm+1x2)22.\left(x^m+\frac1{x^2}\right)^{22}.(xm+x21​)22.

    The general term is Tr+1=(22r)(xm)22−r(x−2)r,T_{r+1}=\binom{22}{r}(x^m)^{22-r}\left(x^{-2}\right)^r,Tr+1​=(r22​)(xm)22−r(x−2)r, where r=0,1,2,…,22r=0,1,2,\dots,22r=0,1,2,…,22.

  2. Simplify the power of xxx:

    =\binom{22}{r}x^{22m-r(m+2)}.$$
  3. We need the coefficient of xxx, i.e. the coefficient of x1x^1x1. So the exponent must satisfy 22m−r(m+2)=1.22m-r(m+2)=1.22m−r(m+2)=1.

    Rearranging, r(m+2)=22m−1.r(m+2)=22m-1.r(m+2)=22m−1.

  4. The coefficient of this term is then (22r)=1540.\binom{22}{r}=1540.(r22​)=1540.

    Now find rrr such that (22r)=1540.\binom{22}{r}=1540.(r22​)=1540.

    We know (223)=22⋅21⋅203⋅2⋅1=1540.\binom{22}{3}=\frac{22\cdot21\cdot20}{3\cdot2\cdot1}=1540.(322​)=3⋅2⋅122⋅21⋅20​=1540. Also, by symmetry, (2219)=1540.\binom{22}{19}=1540.(1922​)=1540.

    So possible values are r=3orr=19.r=3 \quad \text{or} \quad r=19.r=3orr=19.

  5. Use the exponent condition

    Case 1: r=3r=3r=3

    22m−3(m+2)=122m-3(m+2)=122m−3(m+2)=1 22m−3m−6=122m-3m-6=122m−3m−6=1 19m=719m=719m=7 m=719,m=\frac{7}{19},m=197​, which is not a natural number.

    Case 2: r=19r=19r=19

    22m−19(m+2)=122m-19(m+2)=122m−19(m+2)=1 22m−19m−38=122m-19m-38=122m−19m−38=1 3m=393m=393m=39 m=13.m=13.m=13.

    This is a natural number.

  6. Therefore, the required natural number is 13.\boxed{13}.13​.

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