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Application of Derivatives question

2023 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q32
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  5. /2023 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q32

Application of Derivatives question

2023 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q32

JEE MainMathematicsApplication of DerivativesMCQ+4 / −1
A wire of length 20 m20 \mathrm{~m}20 m is to be cut into two pieces. A piece of length l1l_{1}l1​ is bent to make a square of area A1A_{1}A1​ and the other piece of length l2l_{2}l2​ is made into a circle of area A2A_{2}A2​. If 2A1+3A22 A_{1}+3 A_{2}2A1​+3A2​ is minimum then (πl1):l2\left(\pi l_{1}\right): l_{2}(πl1​):l2​ is equal to :
  1. A
    6 : 1
  2. B
    1 : 6
  3. C
    4 : 1
  4. D
    3 : 1
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Set up the lengths

Let the wire be cut into two pieces of lengths l1l_1l1​ and l2l_2l2​. Since the total length is 202020 m, l1+l2=20.l_1 + l_2 = 20.l1​+l2​=20.


  1. Area of square formed from length l1l_1l1​

If a wire of length l1l_1l1​ is bent into a square, then each side is l14.\frac{l_1}{4}.4l1​​. So its area is A1=(l14)2=l1216.A_1 = \left(\frac{l_1}{4}\right)^2 = \frac{l_1^2}{16}.A1​=(4l1​​)2=16l12​​.


  1. Area of circle formed from length l2l_2l2​

If a wire of length l2l_2l2​ is bent into a circle, then 2πr=l2  ⟹  r=l22π.2\pi r = l_2 \implies r = \frac{l_2}{2\pi}.2πr=l2​⟹r=2πl2​​. Hence area of the circle is A2=πr2=π(l22π)2=l224π.A_2 = \pi r^2 = \pi \left(\frac{l_2}{2\pi}\right)^2 = \frac{l_2^2}{4\pi}.A2​=πr2=π(2πl2​​)2=4πl22​​.


  1. Form the expression to be minimized

We need to minimize 2A1+3A2.2A_1 + 3A_2.2A1​+3A2​. Substitute A1A_1A1​ and A2A_2A2​: 2A1+3A2=2⋅l1216+3⋅l224π2A_1 + 3A_2 = 2\cdot \frac{l_1^2}{16} + 3\cdot \frac{l_2^2}{4\pi}2A1​+3A2​=2⋅16l12​​+3⋅4πl22​​ =l128+3l224π.= \frac{l_1^2}{8} + \frac{3l_2^2}{4\pi}.=8l12​​+4π3l22​​. Using l2=20−l1l_2 = 20 - l_1l2​=20−l1​, f(l1)=l128+3(20−l1)24π.f(l_1) = \frac{l_1^2}{8} + \frac{3(20-l_1)^2}{4\pi}.f(l1​)=8l12​​+4π3(20−l1​)2​.


  1. Differentiate and equate to zero

f′(l1)=l14+34π⋅2(20−l1)(−1)f'(l_1) = \frac{l_1}{4} + \frac{3}{4\pi}\cdot 2(20-l_1)(-1)f′(l1​)=4l1​​+4π3​⋅2(20−l1​)(−1) =l14−3(20−l1)2π.= \frac{l_1}{4} - \frac{3(20-l_1)}{2\pi}.=4l1​​−2π3(20−l1​)​. For minimum, f′(l1)=0f'(l_1)=0f′(l1​)=0 l14=3(20−l1)2π.\frac{l_1}{4} = \frac{3(20-l_1)}{2\pi}.4l1​​=2π3(20−l1​)​. Multiply by 444: l1=6(20−l1)π.l_1 = \frac{6(20-l_1)}{\pi}.l1​=π6(20−l1​)​. Since l2=20−l1l_2 = 20-l_1l2​=20−l1​, l1=6l2π.l_1 = \frac{6l_2}{\pi}.l1​=π6l2​​. Therefore, πl1=6l2.\pi l_1 = 6l_2.πl1​=6l2​. So, (πl1):l2=6:1.(\pi l_1):l_2 = 6:1.(πl1​):l2​=6:1.


  1. Check that it is a minimum

f′′(l1)=14+32π>0,f''(l_1)=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{2\pi}>0,f′′(l1​)=41​+2π3​>0, so the critical point gives a minimum.


  1. Final answer

(πl1):l2=6:1\boxed{(\pi l_1):l_2 = 6:1}(πl1​):l2​=6:1​ So the correct option is A.

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