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Application of Derivatives question

2017 · 9 Apr · Shift 1 · Q40
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Application of Derivatives question

2017 · 9 Apr · Shift 1 · Q40

JEE MainMathematicsApplication of DerivativesMCQ+4 / −1
The function f defined by f(x) = x3 −-− 3x2 + 5x + 7 , is :
  1. A
    increasing in R.
  2. B
    decreasing in R.
  3. C
    decreasing in (0, ∞\infty∞) and increasing in (−∞-\infty−∞, 0)
  4. D
    increasing in (0, ∞\infty∞) and decreasing in (−∞-\infty−∞, 0)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given function

    f(x)=x3−3x2+5x+7f(x)=x^3-3x^2+5x+7f(x)=x3−3x2+5x+7

    To determine where the function is increasing or decreasing, we compute its derivative.

  2. Differentiate

    f′(x)=ddx(x3−3x2+5x+7)=3x2−6x+5f'(x)=\frac{d}{dx}(x^3-3x^2+5x+7)=3x^2-6x+5f′(x)=dxd​(x3−3x2+5x+7)=3x2−6x+5

  3. Analyze the sign of f′(x)f'(x)f′(x)

    Rewrite:

    f′(x)=3x2−6x+5f'(x)=3x^2-6x+5f′(x)=3x2−6x+5

    Check whether this quadratic can ever be negative.

    Its discriminant is:

    Δ=(−6)2−4(3)(5)=36−60=−24\Delta = (-6)^2-4(3)(5)=36-60=-24Δ=(−6)2−4(3)(5)=36−60=−24

    Since Δ<0\Delta<0Δ<0 and the coefficient of x2x^2x2 is positive (3>03>03>0), the quadratic 3x2−6x+53x^2-6x+53x2−6x+5 is always positive for all real xxx.

    Hence,

    f′(x)>0∀x∈Rf'(x)>0 \quad \forall x\in \mathbb{R}f′(x)>0∀x∈R

  4. Conclusion about monotonicity

    Since f′(x)>0f'(x)>0f′(x)>0 for every real number, the function f(x)f(x)f(x) is increasing on all of R\mathbb{R}R.

  5. Option check

    • A: increasing in R\mathbb{R}R — Correct
    • B: decreasing in R\mathbb{R}R — Incorrect
    • C: decreasing in (0,∞)(0,\infty)(0,∞) and increasing in (−∞,0)(-\infty,0)(−∞,0) — Incorrect
    • D: increasing in (0,∞)(0,\infty)(0,∞) and decreasing in (−∞,0)(-\infty,0)(−∞,0) — Incorrect

Therefore, the correct answer is:

A\boxed{A}A​

  1. Comparison with stored answer

    Stored correct answer: A

    My derived answer also is A, so they agree.

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