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Application of Derivatives question

2016 · 9 Apr · Shift 1 · Q44
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  5. /2016 · 9 Apr · Shift 1 · Q44

Application of Derivatives question

2016 · 9 Apr · Shift 1 · Q44

JEE MainMathematicsApplication of DerivativesMCQ+4 / −1
The minimum distance of a point on the curve y = x2−4 from the origin is :
  1. A
    192{{\sqrt {19} } \over 2}219​​
  2. B
    152\sqrt {{{15} \over 2}}215​​
  3. C
    152{{\sqrt {15} } \over 2}215​​
  4. D
    192\sqrt {{{19} \over 2}}219​​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Point on the curve

    The curve is y=x2−4.y=x^2-4.y=x2−4. So any point on the curve can be written as (x,a0x2−4).(x,a0x^2-4).(x,a0x2−4).

  2. Distance from origin

    The distance of the point (x,a0x2−4)(x,a0x^2-4)(x,a0x2−4) from the origin (0,0)(0,0)(0,0) is d=x2+(x2−4)2.d=\sqrt{x^2+(x^2-4)^2}.d=x2+(x2−4)2​.

    To minimize ddd, it is easier to minimize d2d^2d2.

    Let D=x2+(x2−4)2.D=x^2+(x^2-4)^2.D=x2+(x2−4)2.

  3. Expand DDD

    D=x2+x4−8x+16(incorrect expansion? let’s do carefully)D=x^2+x^4-8x+16 \quad \text{(incorrect expansion? let's do carefully)}D=x2+x4−8x+16(incorrect expansion? let’s do carefully)

    Since (x2−4)2=x4−8x2+16,(x^2-4)^2=x^4-8x^2+16,(x2−4)2=x4−8x2+16, therefore D=x2+x4−8x2+16=x4−7x2+16.D=x^2+x^4-8x^2+16=x^4-7x^2+16.D=x2+x4−8x2+16=x4−7x2+16.

  4. Differentiate

    dDdx=4x3−14x=2x(2x2−7).\frac{dD}{dx}=4x^3-14x=2x(2x^2-7).dxdD​=4x3−14x=2x(2x2−7).

    Critical points are given by 2x(2x2−7)=02x(2x^2-7)=02x(2x2−7)=0 so x=0orx2=72.x=0 \quad \text{or} \quad x^2=\frac{7}{2}.x=0orx2=27​.

  5. Check minimum value

    Evaluate DDD at these critical points:

    • At x=0x=0x=0: D=04−7(0)2+16=16.D=0^4-7(0)^2+16=16.D=04−7(0)2+16=16.

    • At x2=72x^2=\frac{7}{2}x2=27​:

      =\frac{49}{4}-\frac{49}{2}+16 =\frac{49-98+64}{4} =\frac{15}{4}.$$

    Since 154<16\frac{15}{4}<16415​<16, the minimum value of DDD is Dmin⁡=154.D_{\min}=\frac{15}{4}.Dmin​=415​.

  6. Minimum distance

    Therefore, dmin⁡=154=152.d_{\min}=\sqrt{\frac{15}{4}}=\frac{\sqrt{15}}{2}.dmin​=415​​=215​​.

  7. Match with options

    152\frac{\sqrt{15}}{2}215​​ corresponds to Option C.

Final Answer: 152\boxed{\frac{\sqrt{15}}{2}}215​​​

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