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Application of Derivatives question

2012 · Shift 0 · Q34
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  5. /2012 · Shift 0 · Q34

Application of Derivatives question

2012 · Shift 0 · Q34

JEE MainMathematicsApplication of DerivativesMCQ+4 / −1
A line is drawn through the point (1,2)(1, 2)(1,2) to meet the coordinate axes at PPP and QQQ such that it forms a triangle OPQ,OPQ,OPQ, where OOO is the origin. If the area of the triangle OPQOPQOPQ is least, then the slope of the line PQPQPQ is :
  1. A
    −14-{1 \over 4}−41​
  2. B
    −4-4−4
  3. C
    −2-2−2
  4. D
    −12-{1 \over 2}−21​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Let the line cut the axes at P(a,0),Q(0,b)P(a,0),\quad Q(0,b)P(a,0),Q(0,b) where a>0,b>0a>0, b>0a>0,b>0.

  2. Equation of the line in intercept form xa+yb=1\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}=1ax​+by​=1 Since the line passes through (1,2)(1,2)(1,2), 1a+2b=1\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}=1a1​+b2​=1

  3. Area of triangle OPQOPQOPQ Since OP=aOP=aOP=a and OQ=bOQ=bOQ=b, A=12abA=\frac{1}{2}abA=21​ab We must minimize ababab subject to 1a+2b=1\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}=1a1​+b2​=1

  4. Express one variable in terms of the other From 1a+2b=1\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}=1a1​+b2​=1 multiply by ababab: b+2a=abb+2a=abb+2a=ab Hence, ab−b=2aab-b=2aab−b=2a b(a−1)=2ab(a-1)=2ab(a−1)=2a b=2aa−1,a>1b=\frac{2a}{a-1}, \quad a>1b=a−12a​,a>1

  5. Write area as a function of aaa A(a)=12a⋅2aa−1=a2a−1A(a)=\frac{1}{2}a\cdot \frac{2a}{a-1}=\frac{a^2}{a-1}A(a)=21​a⋅a−12a​=a−1a2​

  6. Differentiate and find critical point A′(a)=2a(a−1)−a2(a−1)2=a2−2a(a−1)2=a(a−2)(a−1)2A'(a)=\frac{2a(a-1)-a^2}{(a-1)^2}=\frac{a^2-2a}{(a-1)^2}=\frac{a(a-2)}{(a-1)^2}A′(a)=(a−1)22a(a−1)−a2​=(a−1)2a2−2a​=(a−1)2a(a−2)​ Setting A′(a)=0A'(a)=0A′(a)=0 gives a=0 or a=2a=0 \text{ or } a=2a=0 or a=2 Since a>1a>1a>1, the valid critical point is a=2a=2a=2

  7. Find corresponding bbb b=2aa−1=2⋅22−1=4b=\frac{2a}{a-1}=\frac{2\cdot 2}{2-1}=4b=a−12a​=2−12⋅2​=4

  8. Equation of the line The intercepts are (2,0)(2,0)(2,0) and (0,4)(0,4)(0,4), so slope is m=4−00−2=4−2=−2m=\frac{4-0}{0-2}=\frac{4}{-2}=-2m=0−24−0​=−24​=−2

  9. Check with options The slope is −2-2−2, which matches Option C.

Therefore, the required slope of PQPQPQ is −2\boxed{-2}−2​

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