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Structure of Atom question

2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 1 · Q3
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  5. /2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 1 · Q3

Structure of Atom question

2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 1 · Q3

JEE MainChemistryStructure of AtomMCQ+4 / −1
The incorrect postulates of the Dalton's atomic theory are : (A) Atoms of different elements differ in mass. (B) Matter consists of divisible atoms. (C) Compounds are formed when atoms of different element combine in a fixed ratio. (D) All the atoms of given element have different properties including mass. (E) Chemical reactions involve reorganisation of atoms. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
  1. A
    (B), (D) only
  2. B
    (A), (B), (D) only
  3. C
    (B), (D), (E) only
  4. D
    (C), (D), (E) only
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Recall Dalton’s atomic theory (relevant postulates):

    • Matter is made up of indivisible atoms.
    • Atoms of the same element are identical in mass and properties.
    • Atoms of different elements differ in mass and properties.
    • Compounds are formed by combination of atoms in simple fixed ratios.
    • Chemical reactions involve rearrangement/reorganisation of atoms.
  2. Check each statement given in the question:

    (A) Atoms of different elements differ in mass.
    This is consistent with Dalton’s theory. Hence, correct postulate.

    (B) Matter consists of divisible atoms.
    Dalton said atoms are indivisible, so this statement is incorrect.

    (C) Compounds are formed when atoms of different element combine in a fixed ratio.
    This agrees with Dalton’s theory. Hence, correct postulate.

    (D) All the atoms of given element have different properties including mass.
    Dalton proposed that atoms of the same element are identical in mass and properties. So this statement is incorrect.

    (E) Chemical reactions involve reorganisation of atoms.
    This agrees with Dalton’s theory. Hence, correct postulate.

  3. Identify incorrect postulates: The incorrect ones are: (B),(D)(B), (D)(B),(D)

  4. Match with options:

    • A: (B),(D)(B), (D)(B),(D) only ✅
    • B: (A),(B),(D)(A), (B), (D)(A),(B),(D) only ❌ since (A) is correct
    • C: (B),(D),(E)(B), (D), (E)(B),(D),(E) only ❌ since (E) is correct
    • D: (C),(D),(E)(C), (D), (E)(C),(D),(E) only ❌ since (C) and (E) are correct

Therefore, the correct option is: A\boxed{A}A​

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