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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2025 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q1
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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2025 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q1

JEE MainChemistryPeriodic Table and PeriodicityMCQ+4 / −1
The atomic number of the element from the following with lowest 1st ionisation enthalpy is :
  1. A
    32
  2. B
    35
  3. C
    19
  4. D
    87
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Identify the elements from their atomic numbers
  • 32→Ge (Germanium)32 \rightarrow \text{Ge (Germanium)}32→Ge (Germanium)
  • 35→Br (Bromine)35 \rightarrow \text{Br (Bromine)}35→Br (Bromine)
  • 19→K (Potassium)19 \rightarrow \text{K (Potassium)}19→K (Potassium)
  • 87→Fr (Francium)87 \rightarrow \text{Fr (Francium)}87→Fr (Francium)
  1. Recall the trend of first ionisation enthalpy

First ionisation enthalpy generally:

  • increases across a period from left to right,
  • decreases down a group from top to bottom.

So, elements lying more toward the bottom-left of the periodic table have the lowest first ionisation enthalpy.

  1. Compare the given elements
  • Ge and Br are in higher periods and more to the right, so their ionisation enthalpies are relatively high.
  • K is an alkali metal, so it has low ionisation enthalpy.
  • Fr is also an alkali metal and lies below K in the same general trend, so its first ionisation enthalpy is even lower.

Thus, Fr<K<Ge, Brin first ionisation enthalpy.\text{Fr} < \text{K} < \text{Ge, Br} \quad \text{in first ionisation enthalpy}.Fr<K<Ge, Brin first ionisation enthalpy.

  1. Select the correct option

The element with atomic number 878787 has the lowest first ionisation enthalpy.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 87\boxed{87}87​ which corresponds to Option D.

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