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Compounds Containing Nitrogen question

2021 · 31 Aug · Shift 1 · Q16
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Compounds Containing Nitrogen question

2021 · 31 Aug · Shift 1 · Q16

JEE MainChemistryCompounds Containing NitrogenNumerical+4 / −1
The total number of reagents from those given blow, that can convert nitrobenzene into aniline is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. (Integer answer) I. SnSnSn −-− HClHClHCl II. SnSnSn −-− NH4OHNH_4OHNH4​OH III. FeFeFe −-− HClHClHCl IV. ZnZnZn −-− HClHClHCl V. H2H_2H2​ −-− PdPdPd VI. H2H_2H2​ −-− Raney Nickel
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 5

  1. We need to check which given reagents can reduce nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2)(C_6H_5NO_2)(C6​H5​NO2​) to aniline (C6H5NH2)(C_6H_5NH_2)(C6​H5​NH2​).

  2. Reduction of an aromatic nitro group to an amine is commonly done by:

    • metal + acid reduction, such as Sn/HClSn/HClSn/HCl, Fe/HClFe/HClFe/HCl, Zn/HClZn/HClZn/HCl
    • catalytic hydrogenation, such as H2/PdH_2/PdH2​/Pd or H2/H_2/H2​/Raney Ni
  3. Now evaluate each reagent:

    I. Sn−HClSn - HClSn−HCl
    This is a standard reducing system for converting −NO2-NO_2−NO2​ to −NH2-NH_2−NH2​.
    So, works.

    II. Sn−NH4OHSn - NH_4OHSn−NH4​OH
    SnSnSn in ammonium hydroxide is not a standard reducing system for converting nitrobenzene to aniline. Reduction of nitrobenzene by tin generally requires acidic medium. Hence this reagent pair is not suitable.

    III. Fe−HClFe - HClFe−HCl
    This is Bechamp reduction; nitrobenzene is reduced to aniline.
    So, works.

    IV. Zn−HClZn - HClZn−HCl
    Zinc in acidic medium also reduces nitro compounds to amines.
    So, works.

    V. H2−PdH_2 - PdH2​−Pd
    Catalytic hydrogenation reduces nitrobenzene to aniline.
    So, works.

    VI. H2−H_2 -H2​− Raney Nickel
    Raney Ni also catalyzes hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline.
    So, works.

  4. Total reagents that work: I,III,IV,V,VII, III, IV, V, VII,III,IV,V,VI Number =5= 5=5

  5. Comparison with stored correct answer:

    • Derived answer = 555
    • Stored correct answer = 555
    • They agree.
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