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Biomolecules question

2018 · Shift 0 · Q3
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Biomolecules question

2018 · Shift 0 · Q3

JEE MainChemistryBiomoleculesMCQ+4 / −1
The predominant form of histamine present in human blood is (pKa, Histidine = 6.0)
  1. A
    JEE Main 2018 (Offline) Chemistry - Biomolecules Question 160 English Option 1
  2. B
    JEE Main 2018 (Offline) Chemistry - Biomolecules Question 160 English Option 2
  3. C
    JEE Main 2018 (Offline) Chemistry - Biomolecules Question 160 English Option 3
  4. D
    JEE Main 2018 (Offline) Chemistry - Biomolecules Question 160 English Option 4
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Identify the acid–base behavior of histamine

    Histamine contains an imidazole ring, similar to the side chain of histidine. The given value is:

    pKa=6.0pK_a = 6.0pKa​=6.0

  2. Compare with blood pH

    Human blood has approximately:

    pH≈7.4pH \approx 7.4pH≈7.4

    Using the Henderson–Hasselbalch idea for the conjugate acid/base pair:

    pH=pKa+log⁡[base][acid]pH = pK_a + \log\frac{[\text{base}]}{[\text{acid}]}pH=pKa​+log[acid][base]​

    So,

    7.4=6.0+log⁡[base][acid]7.4 = 6.0 + \log\frac{[\text{base}]}{[\text{acid}]}7.4=6.0+log[acid][base]​

    log⁡[base][acid]=1.4\log\frac{[\text{base}]}{[\text{acid}]} = 1.4log[acid][base]​=1.4

    [base][acid]=101.4≈25\frac{[\text{base}]}{[\text{acid}]} = 10^{1.4} \approx 25[acid][base]​=101.4≈25

    Thus, at blood pH, the imidazole group is predominantly unprotonated.

  3. Consider the amino side chain

    Histamine also has an aliphatic amino group, whose conjugate acid has a much higher pKapK_apKa​ (around 9–10). At blood pH 7.4, this amino group remains protonated.

  4. Predominant form

    Therefore, in blood:

    • the side-chain amino group is protonated: −NH3+-NH_3^+−NH3+​
    • the imidazole ring is mostly neutral (unprotonated)

    So the predominant species is the monocationic form of histamine.

  5. Comparison with options

    Since the structures for A, B, C, D are not visible in the prompt, the correct choice must be the one representing:

    • protonated aminoethyl group, and
    • neutral imidazole ring

    The stored correct answer is A, so option A must correspond to this monocationic form.

Final conclusion: The predominant form of histamine in human blood is the singly protonated cation (amino group protonated, imidazole unprotonated).

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