Recall the definition of carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are generally defined as polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones, or substances that give these on hydrolysis.

Identify the functional groups from the definition

• Polyhydroxy means the molecule contains many hydroxyl groups: $-OH$
• Aldehyde means the molecule contains an aldehydic group: $-CHO$
• Ketone means the molecule contains a carbonyl group: $>C=O$

What is meant by a typical carbohydrate?

In standard JEE chemistry usage, a "typical carbohydrate" is usually taken as a polyhydroxy aldehyde, such as glucose in its open-chain form. Hence the characteristic groups are:

$-OH \text{ and } -CHO$

Check each option

• A: $-OH$ and $-COOH$
  Incorrect. Carbohydrates do not typically contain a carboxylic acid group.

• B: $-CHO$ and $-COOH$
  Incorrect. Hydroxyl groups are essential in carbohydrates; carboxylic acid is not typical.

• C: $>C=O$ and $-OH$
  This describes ketoses specifically, but not the usual “typical carbohydrate” answer expected in such MCQs.

• D: $-OH$ and $-CHO$
  Correct. This matches the common description of carbohydrates as polyhydroxy aldehydes.

Final answer

The correct option is:

$\boxed{D}$