- ADipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding
- Bhydrogen bonding and London dispersion
- CLondon dispersion, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding
- DLondon dispersion and dipole-dipole
View written solutionFree
Correct answer: D
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Identify the compound
Ethyl acetate is an ester with structure:
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Check for possible intermolecular forces
The main intermolecular forces to consider are:
- London dispersion forces
- Dipole-dipole interactions
- Hydrogen bonding
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Does ethyl acetate show London dispersion forces?
Yes. All molecules exhibit London dispersion forces due to temporary induced dipoles.
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Does ethyl acetate show dipole-dipole interactions?
Yes. Ethyl acetate is a polar molecule because it contains a polar ester group: The carbonyl group creates a permanent dipole, so molecules attract via dipole-dipole forces.
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Does ethyl acetate show hydrogen bonding between its own molecules?
No. For hydrogen bonding in a pure liquid, the molecule must contain a hydrogen directly bonded to highly electronegative atoms like , , or .
In ethyl acetate, there is oxygen present, so it can accept hydrogen bonds, but it has no or bond to donate hydrogen bonds.
Therefore, pure ethyl acetate does not exhibit intermolecular hydrogen bonding among its own molecules.
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Conclusion
The predominant intermolecular forces in liquid ethyl acetate are:
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Option analysis
- A: Dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding Incorrect (no self hydrogen bonding)
- B: Hydrogen bonding and London dispersion Incorrect
- C: London dispersion, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding Incorrect
- D: London dispersion and dipole-dipole Correct
Therefore, the correct answer is D.
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