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Rotational Motion question

2018 · Shift 1 · Q42
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Rotational Motion question

2018 · Shift 1 · Q42

JEE AdvancedPhysicsRotational MotionNumerical+3 / −1
A ring and disc are initially at rest, side by side, at the top of an inclined plane which makes an angle 60∘{60^ \circ }60∘ with the horizontal. They start to roll without slipping at the same instant of time along the shortest path. If the time difference between their reaching the ground is (2−3)/10  s,\left( {2 - \sqrt 3 } \right)/\sqrt {10} \,\,s,(2−3​)/10​s, then the height of the top of the inclined plane, in metres is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ . Take g=10  ms−2.g = 10\,\,m{s^{ - 2}}.g=10ms−2.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 0.75

Step-by-Step Solution:

  1. Analyze the motion of a general body rolling down an inclined plane. Let the angle of inclination be θ\thetaθ. For a body rolling without slipping, the acceleration of its center of mass is given by the formula: a=gsin⁡θ1+IMR2a = \frac{g \sin\theta}{1 + \frac{I}{MR^2}}a=1+MR2I​gsinθ​ where III is the moment of inertia, MMM is the mass, and RRR is the radius of the body.

  2. Calculate the acceleration for the ring. For a ring, the moment of inertia is Iring=MR2I_{ring} = MR^2Iring​=MR2. Substituting this into the acceleration formula: aring=gsin⁡θ1+MR2MR2=gsin⁡θ1+1=gsin⁡θ2a_{ring} = \frac{g \sin\theta}{1 + \frac{MR^2}{MR^2}} = \frac{g \sin\theta}{1 + 1} = \frac{g \sin\theta}{2}aring​=1+MR2MR2​gsinθ​=1+1gsinθ​=2gsinθ​

  3. Calculate the acceleration for the disc. For a disc, the moment of inertia is Idisc=12MR2I_{disc} = \frac{1}{2}MR^2Idisc​=21​MR2. Substituting this into the acceleration formula: adisc=gsin⁡θ1+12MR2MR2=gsin⁡θ1+12=gsin⁡θ32=2gsin⁡θ3a_{disc} = \frac{g \sin\theta}{1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2}MR^2}{MR^2}} = \frac{g \sin\theta}{1 + \frac{1}{2}} = \frac{g \sin\theta}{\frac{3}{2}} = \frac{2g \sin\theta}{3}adisc​=1+MR221​MR2​gsinθ​=1+21​gsinθ​=23​gsinθ​=32gsinθ​

  4. Relate travel time to acceleration and height. Let hhh be the height of the inclined plane. The length of the path along the incline is s=hsin⁡θs = \frac{h}{\sin\theta}s=sinθh​. The objects start from rest, so the initial velocity u=0u=0u=0. Using the kinematic equation s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2s=ut+21​at2, we get: s=12at2  ⟹  t=2sas = \frac{1}{2}at^2 \implies t = \sqrt{\frac{2s}{a}}s=21​at2⟹t=a2s​​ Substituting s=hsin⁡θs = \frac{h}{\sin\theta}s=sinθh​: t=2hasin⁡θt = \sqrt{\frac{2h}{a \sin\theta}}t=asinθ2h​​

  5. Calculate the time taken for the ring and the disc. For the ring: tring=2haringsin⁡θ=2h(gsin⁡θ2)sin⁡θ=4hgsin⁡2θ=2sin⁡θhgt_{ring} = \sqrt{\frac{2h}{a_{ring} \sin\theta}} = \sqrt{\frac{2h}{\left(\frac{g \sin\theta}{2}\right) \sin\theta}} = \sqrt{\frac{4h}{g \sin^2\theta}} = \frac{2}{\sin\theta}\sqrt{\frac{h}{g}}tring​=aring​sinθ2h​​=(2gsinθ​)sinθ2h​​=gsin2θ4h​​=sinθ2​gh​​ For the disc: tdisc=2hadiscsin⁡θ=2h(2gsin⁡θ3)sin⁡θ=3hgsin⁡2θ=3sin⁡θhgt_{disc} = \sqrt{\frac{2h}{a_{disc} \sin\theta}} = \sqrt{\frac{2h}{\left(\frac{2g \sin\theta}{3}\right) \sin\theta}} = \sqrt{\frac{3h}{g \sin^2\theta}} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sin\theta}\sqrt{\frac{h}{g}}tdisc​=adisc​sinθ2h​​=(32gsinθ​)sinθ2h​​=gsin2θ3h​​=sinθ3​​gh​​

  6. Set up and solve the equation for the time difference. Since aring<adisca_{ring} < a_{disc}aring​<adisc​, the ring takes more time to reach the bottom, so tring>tdisct_{ring} > t_{disc}tring​>tdisc​. The time difference is: Δt=tring−tdisc=2sin⁡θhg−3sin⁡θhg=2−3sin⁡θhg\Delta t = t_{ring} - t_{disc} = \frac{2}{\sin\theta}\sqrt{\frac{h}{g}} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sin\theta}\sqrt{\frac{h}{g}} = \frac{2 - \sqrt{3}}{\sin\theta}\sqrt{\frac{h}{g}}Δt=tring​−tdisc​=sinθ2​gh​​−sinθ3​​gh​​=sinθ2−3​​gh​​ We are given θ=60∘\theta = 60^\circθ=60∘, g=10 m/s2g = 10 \, m/s^2g=10m/s2, and Δt=2−310 s\Delta t = \frac{2 - \sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{10}} \, sΔt=10​2−3​​s. We also know sin⁡60∘=32\sin 60^\circ = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin60∘=23​​. Substituting these values into the equation: 2−310=2−332h10\frac{2 - \sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{10}} = \frac{2 - \sqrt{3}}{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}} \sqrt{\frac{h}{10}}10​2−3​​=23​​2−3​​10h​​ The term (2−3)(2 - \sqrt{3})(2−3​) cancels out from both sides: 110=23h10\frac{1}{\sqrt{10}} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{3}} \sqrt{\frac{h}{10}}10​1​=3​2​10h​​ The term 10\sqrt{10}10​ also cancels out: 1=23h1 = \frac{2}{\sqrt{3}} \sqrt{h}1=3​2​h​ Solving for h\sqrt{h}h​: h=32\sqrt{h} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}h​=23​​ Squaring both sides to find hhh: h=(32)2=34=0.75 mh = \left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{3}{4} = 0.75 \, mh=(23​​)2=43​=0.75m

Thus, the height of the top of the inclined plane is 0.75 metres.

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