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Rotational Motion question

2018 · Shift 1 · Q38
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Rotational Motion question

2018 · Shift 1 · Q38

JEE AdvancedPhysicsRotational MotionMultiple correct+4 / −1
Consider a body of mass 1.0kg1.0kg1.0kg at rest at the origin at time t=0.t=0.t=0. A force F→=(αti^+βj^)\overrightarrow F = \left( {\alpha t \widehat i + \beta \widehat j} \right)F=(αti+βj​) is applied on the body, where α=1.0Ns−1\alpha = 1.0N{s^{ - 1}}α=1.0Ns−1 and β=1.0 N.\beta = 1.0\,N.β=1.0N. The torque acting on the body about the origin at time t=1.0st=1.0st=1.0s is τ→.\overrightarrow \tau .τ. Which of the following statements is (are) true?
  1. A
    ∣τ→∣=13 Nm\left| {\overrightarrow \tau } \right| = {1 \over 3}\,Nm​τ​=31​Nm
  2. B
    The torque τ→\overrightarrow \tauτ is in the direction of the unit vector + k^+ \,\widehat k+k
  3. C
    The velocity of the body at t=1st = 1st=1s is v→=12(i^+2j^)ms−1\overrightarrow v = {1 \over 2}\left( {\widehat i + 2\widehat j} \right)m{s^{ - 1}}v=21​(i+2j​)ms−1
  4. D
    The magnitude of displacement of the body at t=1st = 1st=1s is 16m{1 \over 6}m61​m
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A, C

Step-by-step solution:

The problem provides the mass of a body, its initial conditions (at rest at the origin), and the force acting on it as a function of time. We need to evaluate four statements about its motion and the torque acting on it at t=1.0st=1.0st=1.0s.

Given:

  • Mass of the body, m=1.0 kgm = 1.0\,kgm=1.0kg
  • Initial position, r→(0)=0→\overrightarrow r (0) = \overrightarrow 0r(0)=0
  • Initial velocity, v→(0)=0→\overrightarrow v (0) = \overrightarrow 0v(0)=0
  • Applied force, F→=(αti^+βj^)\overrightarrow F = (\alpha t \widehat i + \beta \widehat j)F=(αti+βj​), with α=1.0 Ns−1\alpha = 1.0\,Ns^{-1}α=1.0Ns−1 and β=1.0 N\beta = 1.0\,Nβ=1.0N.
  • So, F→(t)=(ti^+j^) N\overrightarrow F(t) = (t \widehat i + \widehat j)\,NF(t)=(ti+j​)N.

1. Find the acceleration of the body: Using Newton's second law, F→=ma→\overrightarrow F = m\overrightarrow aF=ma. a→(t)=F→(t)m=(ti^+j^)1.0=(ti^+j^) m/s2\overrightarrow a(t) = \frac{\overrightarrow F(t)}{m} = \frac{(t \widehat i + \widehat j)}{1.0} = (t \widehat i + \widehat j)\,m/s^2a(t)=mF(t)​=1.0(ti+j​)​=(ti+j​)m/s2

2. Find the velocity of the body: Velocity is the integral of acceleration with respect to time. We use the initial condition v→(0)=0→\overrightarrow v(0) = \overrightarrow 0v(0)=0. v→(t)=v→(0)+∫0ta→(t′) dt′\overrightarrow v(t) = \overrightarrow v(0) + \int_0^t \overrightarrow a(t')\,dt'v(t)=v(0)+∫0t​a(t′)dt′ v→(t)=0→+∫0t(t′i^+j^) dt′\overrightarrow v(t) = \overrightarrow 0 + \int_0^t (t' \widehat i + \widehat j)\,dt'v(t)=0+∫0t​(t′i+j​)dt′ v→(t)=[t′22i^+t′j^]0t\overrightarrow v(t) = \left[ \frac{t'^2}{2} \widehat i + t' \widehat j \right]_0^tv(t)=[2t′2​i+t′j​]0t​ v→(t)=(t22i^+tj^) m/s\overrightarrow v(t) = \left( \frac{t^2}{2} \widehat i + t \widehat j \right)\,m/sv(t)=(2t2​i+tj​)m/s

3. Find the position of the body: Position is the integral of velocity with respect to time. We use the initial condition r→(0)=0→\overrightarrow r(0) = \overrightarrow 0r(0)=0. r→(t)=r→(0)+∫0tv→(t′) dt′\overrightarrow r(t) = \overrightarrow r(0) + \int_0^t \overrightarrow v(t')\,dt'r(t)=r(0)+∫0t​v(t′)dt′ r→(t)=0→+∫0t(t′22i^+t′j^) dt′\overrightarrow r(t) = \overrightarrow 0 + \int_0^t \left( \frac{t'^2}{2} \widehat i + t' \widehat j \right)\,dt'r(t)=0+∫0t​(2t′2​i+t′j​)dt′ r→(t)=[t′36i^+t′22j^]0t\overrightarrow r(t) = \left[ \frac{t'^3}{6} \widehat i + \frac{t'^2}{2} \widehat j \right]_0^tr(t)=[6t′3​i+2t′2​j​]0t​ r→(t)=(t36i^+t22j^) m\overrightarrow r(t) = \left( \frac{t^3}{6} \widehat i + \frac{t^2}{2} \widehat j \right)\,mr(t)=(6t3​i+2t2​j​)m

4. Calculate quantities at t=1.0st = 1.0st=1.0s and evaluate the options:

At t=1.0st = 1.0st=1.0s:

  • Position vector: r→(1)=(136i^+122j^)=(16i^+12j^) m\overrightarrow r(1) = \left( \frac{1^3}{6} \widehat i + \frac{1^2}{2} \widehat j \right) = \left( \frac{1}{6} \widehat i + \frac{1}{2} \widehat j \right)\,mr(1)=(613​i+212​j​)=(61​i+21​j​)m
  • Force vector: F→(1)=(1i^+j^) N\overrightarrow F(1) = (1 \widehat i + \widehat j)\,NF(1)=(1i+j​)N

Evaluation of Option A and B: The torque τ→\overrightarrow \tauτ about the origin is given by τ→=r→×F→\overrightarrow \tau = \overrightarrow r \times \overrightarrow Fτ=r×F. At t=1.0st=1.0st=1.0s: τ→(1)=r→(1)×F→(1)=(16i^+12j^)×(i^+j^)\overrightarrow \tau(1) = \overrightarrow r(1) \times \overrightarrow F(1) = \left( \frac{1}{6} \widehat i + \frac{1}{2} \widehat j \right) \times (\widehat i + \widehat j)τ(1)=r(1)×F(1)=(61​i+21​j​)×(i+j​) =16(i^×i^)+16(i^×j^)+12(j^×i^)+12(j^×j^) = \frac{1}{6}(\widehat i \times \widehat i) + \frac{1}{6}(\widehat i \times \widehat j) + \frac{1}{2}(\widehat j \times \widehat i) + \frac{1}{2}(\widehat j \times \widehat j)=61​(i×i)+61​(i×j​)+21​(j​×i)+21​(j​×j​) Since i^×i^=0\widehat i \times \widehat i = 0i×i=0, j^×j^=0\widehat j \times \widehat j = 0j​×j​=0, i^×j^=k^\widehat i \times \widehat j = \widehat ki×j​=k, and j^×i^=−k^\widehat j \times \widehat i = -\widehat kj​×i=−k: τ→(1)=0+16k^+12(−k^)+0=(16−12)k^=(1−36)k^=−26k^=−13k^ Nm\overrightarrow \tau(1) = 0 + \frac{1}{6}\widehat k + \frac{1}{2}(-\widehat k) + 0 = \left( \frac{1}{6} - \frac{1}{2} \right)\widehat k = \left( \frac{1 - 3}{6} \right)\widehat k = -\frac{2}{6}\widehat k = -\frac{1}{3}\widehat k\,Nmτ(1)=0+61​k+21​(−k)+0=(61​−21​)k=(61−3​)k=−62​k=−31​kNm

  • Option A: The magnitude of the torque is ∣τ→(1)∣=∣−13∣=13 Nm|\overrightarrow \tau(1)| = | -\frac{1}{3} | = \frac{1}{3}\,Nm∣τ(1)∣=∣−31​∣=31​Nm. This statement is true.
  • Option B: The direction of the torque is along the −k^-\widehat k−k vector, not the +k^+\widehat k+k vector. This statement is false.

Evaluation of Option C: At t=1.0st = 1.0st=1.0s, the velocity is: v→(1)=(122i^+1j^)=(12i^+j^) m/s\overrightarrow v(1) = \left( \frac{1^2}{2} \widehat i + 1 \widehat j \right) = \left( \frac{1}{2} \widehat i + \widehat j \right)\,m/sv(1)=(212​i+1j​)=(21​i+j​)m/s Factoring out 12\frac{1}{2}21​: v→(1)=12(i^+2j^) m/s\overrightarrow v(1) = \frac{1}{2} (\widehat i + 2\widehat j)\,m/sv(1)=21​(i+2j​)m/s

  • Option C: The velocity of the body at t=1st=1st=1s is v→=12(i^+2j^)ms−1\overrightarrow v = \frac{1}{2}(\widehat i + 2\widehat j)m{s^{ - 1}}v=21​(i+2j​)ms−1. This statement is true.

Evaluation of Option D: The displacement of the body at t=1st=1st=1s is Δr→=r→(1)−r→(0)=r→(1)\Delta \overrightarrow r = \overrightarrow r(1) - \overrightarrow r(0) = \overrightarrow r(1)Δr=r(1)−r(0)=r(1). The magnitude of the displacement is ∣r→(1)∣|\overrightarrow r(1)|∣r(1)∣. ∣r→(1)∣=∣16i^+12j^∣=(16)2+(12)2|\overrightarrow r(1)| = \left| \frac{1}{6} \widehat i + \frac{1}{2} \widehat j \right| = \sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{6}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}∣r(1)∣=​61​i+21​j​​=(61​)2+(21​)2​ =136+14=1+936=1036=106 m= \sqrt{\frac{1}{36} + \frac{1}{4}} = \sqrt{\frac{1+9}{36}} = \sqrt{\frac{10}{36}} = \frac{\sqrt{10}}{6}\,m=361​+41​​=361+9​​=3610​​=610​​m

  • Option D: The magnitude of displacement is 16m\frac{1}{6}m61​m. This is incorrect, as it is 106m\frac{\sqrt{10}}{6}m610​​m. This statement is false.

Conclusion: The true statements are A and C.

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