JEE AdvancedPhysicsRotational MotionMCQ+3 / −1
STATEMENT 1 If there is no external torque on a body about its center of mass, then the velocity of the center of mass remains constant. Because STATEMENT 2 The linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant.
- AStatement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1.
- BStatement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1.
- CStatement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False.
- DStatement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True.
View written solutionFree
Correct answer: D
Step-by-step analysis:
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Analyze Statement 1:
- The statement is: "If there is no external torque on a body about its center of mass, then the velocity of the center of mass remains constant."
- The velocity of the center of mass, , of a body remains constant if and only if its acceleration, , is zero.
- According to Newton's second law for translational motion of a system, the net external force is related to the acceleration of the center of mass by , where is the total mass.
- Thus, for to be constant, the net external force must be zero.
- Statement 1 claims that if the net external torque about the center of mass () is zero, then is constant. This implies that if , then .
- Let's consider a counterexample. Suppose a non-zero net external force acts on the body, and its point of application is the center of mass itself.
- The torque about the center of mass is given by , where is the position vector of the point of application of the force relative to the center of mass. In this case, .
- Therefore, the torque about the center of mass is . So the condition in the statement is met.
- However, since is not zero, the center of mass will accelerate: . This means the velocity of the center of mass, , will change.
- Since we found a situation where the premise () is true but the conclusion ( is constant") is false, Statement 1 is False.
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Analyze Statement 2:
- The statement is: "The linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant."
- An 'isolated system' is defined in physics as a system on which the net external force is zero ().
- Newton's second law states that the net external force on a system is equal to the rate of change of its total linear momentum (): .
- If the system is isolated, . Substituting this into the equation gives .
- This implies that the total linear momentum of the system must be a constant vector. This is the well-known principle of conservation of linear momentum.
- Therefore, Statement 2 is True.
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Conclusion:
- We have determined that Statement 1 is False and Statement 2 is True.
- Looking at the options, this corresponds to option D.
Final Answer Selection:
- Statement-1 is False.
- Statement-2 is True.
- This matches option D.
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