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Magnetism question

2010 · Shift 1 · Q70
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Magnetism question

2010 · Shift 1 · Q70

JEE AdvancedPhysicsMagnetismMCQ+3 / −1
A thin flexible wire of length L is connected to two adjacent fixed points and carries a current I in the clockwise direction, as shown in the figure. When the system is put in a uniform magnetic field of strength B going into the plane of the paper, the wire takes the shape of a circle. The tension in the wire is IIT-JEE 2010 Paper 1 Offline Physics - Magnetism Question 13 English
  1. A
    IBL
  2. B
    IBLπ{{IBL} \over \pi }πIBL​
  3. C
    IBL2π{{IBL} \over {2\pi }}2πIBL​
  4. D
    IBL4π{{IBL} \over {4\pi }}4πIBL​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Magnetic force on a small element

For a small element of the wire of length dℓd\elldℓ carrying current III in a uniform magnetic field B⃗\vec BB into the plane, the magnetic force is

dF=IB dℓdF = I B\, d\elldF=IBdℓ

because the current element is perpendicular to B⃗\vec BB.

This force acts everywhere normal to the wire. When the wire becomes circular, this magnetic force acts radially outward at every point.


  1. Force due to tension on a small arc

Let the wire form a circle of radius RRR. Consider a small arc subtending angle dθd\thetadθ at the center.

Its length is

dℓ=R dθd\ell = R\, d\thetadℓ=Rdθ

If the tension in the wire is TTT, then the two tensions at the ends of this small arc have a resultant inward force

dFT=2Tsin⁡(dθ2)≈T dθdF_T = 2T \sin\left(\frac{d\theta}{2}\right) \approx T\, d\thetadFT​=2Tsin(2dθ​)≈Tdθ

for small dθd\thetadθ.

This inward force balances the outward magnetic force on the same arc.

So,

T dθ=IB dℓT\, d\theta = I B\, d\ellTdθ=IBdℓ

Using dℓ=Rdθd\ell = R d\thetadℓ=Rdθ,

T dθ=IBR dθT\, d\theta = I B R\, d\thetaTdθ=IBRdθ

Hence,

T=IBRT = IBRT=IBR


  1. Use the total length of the wire

Since the wire forms a complete circle,

L=2πRL = 2\pi RL=2πR

So,

R=L2πR = \frac{L}{2\pi}R=2πL​

Substitute into T=IBRT = IBRT=IBR:

T=IB(L2π)T = IB\left(\frac{L}{2\pi}\right)T=IB(2πL​)

Therefore,

T=IBL2π\boxed{T = \frac{IBL}{2\pi}}T=2πIBL​​


  1. Match with options

The correct option is

C: IBL2π\boxed{\text{C: } \frac{IBL}{2\pi}}C: 2πIBL​​

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