A transparent thin film of uniform thickness and refractive index n1 = 1.4 is coated on the convex spherical surface of radius R at one end of a long solid glass cylinder of refractive index n2 = 1.5, as shown in the figure. Rays of light parallel to the axis of the cylinder traversing through the film from air to glass get focused at distance f1 from the film, while rays of light traversing from glass to air get focused at distance f2 from the film. Then- A
- B
- C
- D
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Correct answer: A, C
- Key idea: a thin film on a spherical surface behaves like two refracting spherical surfaces in contact
The film has refractive index , the cylinder has refractive index , and outside medium is air .
Because the film is thin and of uniform thickness, the two spherical interfaces are essentially concentric and have nearly the same radius . Hence we can add the powers of the two refracting surfaces.
For a spherical refracting surface,
with Cartesian sign convention. Here the surface is convex as seen from air, and the center lies inside the cylinder, so
- Case 1: Rays go from air film glass
Parallel rays are incident from air.
- First surface: air to film
- Second surface: film to glass
So total power is
This is equivalent to a single refracting surface from air to glass:
For parallel rays from air, image is formed in glass at distance from the surface. For a refracting surface,
Here , , , so
Hence,
So A is correct and B is incorrect.
- Case 2: Rays go from glass film air
Now parallel rays are incident from inside the glass toward air.
Again add powers:
- First surface: glass to film
- Second surface: film to air
Thus total power:
Equivalent to single refracting surface from glass to air:
For parallel rays inside glass, using refraction formula:
would be incorrect because object space is glass. Correctly,
with :
Therefore,
So C is correct and D is incorrect.
- Option check
- A: ✅
- B: ❌
- C: ✅
- D: ❌
- Final answer The correct options are:
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