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Sequences and Series question

2022 · Shift 1 · Q24
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Sequences and Series question

2022 · Shift 1 · Q24

JEE AdvancedMathematicsSequences and SeriesNumerical+3 / −1
Let l1,l2,…,l100l_{1}, l_{2}, \ldots, l_{100}l1​,l2​,…,l100​ be consecutive terms of an arithmetic progression with common difference d1d_{1}d1​, and let w1,w2,…,w100w_{1}, w_{2}, \ldots, w_{100}w1​,w2​,…,w100​ be consecutive terms of another arithmetic progression with common difference d2d_{2}d2​, where d1d2=10d_{1} d_{2}=10d1​d2​=10. For each i=1,2,…,100i=1,2, \ldots, 100i=1,2,…,100, let RiR_{i}Ri​ be a rectangle with length lil_{i}li​, width wiw_{i}wi​ and area AiA_{i}Ai​. If A51−A50=1000A_{51}-A_{50}=1000A51​−A50​=1000, then the value of A100−A90A_{100}-A_{90}A100​−A90​ is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 18900

Step-by-Step Solution:

  1. Define the terms of the arithmetic progressions (APs). Let the first AP be l1,l2,...,l100l_1, l_2, ..., l_100l1​,l2​,...,l1​00 with first term l1l_1l1​ and common difference d1d_1d1​. The i-th term is given by li=l1+(i−1)d1l_i = l_1 + (i-1)d_1li​=l1​+(i−1)d1​. Let the second AP be w1,w2,...,w100w_1, w_2, ..., w_100w1​,w2​,...,w1​00 with first term w1w_1w1​ and common difference d2d_2d2​. The i-th term is given by wi=w1+(i−1)d2w_i = w_1 + (i-1)d_2wi​=w1​+(i−1)d2​.

  2. Define the area of the rectangles. For each i, the rectangle RiR_iRi​ has length lil_ili​ and width wiw_iwi​. The area AiA_iAi​ is given by Ai=liwiA_i = l_i w_iAi​=li​wi​.

  3. Use the given condition A51−A50=1000A_{51} - A_{50} = 1000A51​−A50​=1000. We have A51=l51w51A_{51} = l_{51}w_{51}A51​=l51​w51​ and A50=l50w50A_{50} = l_{50}w_{50}A50​=l50​w50​. We can express l51l_{51}l51​ and w51w_{51}w51​ in terms of l50l_{50}l50​ and w50w_{50}w50​: l51=l50+d1l_{51} = l_{50} + d_1l51​=l50​+d1​ w51=w50+d2w_{51} = w_{50} + d_2w51​=w50​+d2​ Now, substitute these into the expression for the difference in areas: A51−A50=(l50+d1)(w50+d2)−l50w50A_{51} - A_{50} = (l_{50} + d_1)(w_{50} + d_2) - l_{50}w_{50}A51​−A50​=(l50​+d1​)(w50​+d2​)−l50​w50​ =(l50w50+l50d2+w50d1+d1d2)−l50w50= (l_{50}w_{50} + l_{50}d_2 + w_{50}d_1 + d_1d_2) - l_{50}w_{50}=(l50​w50​+l50​d2​+w50​d1​+d1​d2​)−l50​w50​ =l50d2+w50d1+d1d2= l_{50}d_2 + w_{50}d_1 + d_1d_2=l50​d2​+w50​d1​+d1​d2​ We are given that this difference is 1000: l50d2+w50d1+d1d2=1000l_{50}d_2 + w_{50}d_1 + d_1d_2 = 1000l50​d2​+w50​d1​+d1​d2​=1000

  4. Express l50l_{50}l50​ and w50w_{50}w50​ in terms of the first terms. l50=l1+(50−1)d1=l1+49d1l_{50} = l_1 + (50-1)d_1 = l_1 + 49d_1l50​=l1​+(50−1)d1​=l1​+49d1​ w50=w1+(50−1)d2=w1+49d2w_{50} = w_1 + (50-1)d_2 = w_1 + 49d_2w50​=w1​+(50−1)d2​=w1​+49d2​ Substitute these into the equation from Step 3: (l1+49d1)d2+(w1+49d2)d1+d1d2=1000(l_1 + 49d_1)d_2 + (w_1 + 49d_2)d_1 + d_1d_2 = 1000(l1​+49d1​)d2​+(w1​+49d2​)d1​+d1​d2​=1000 l1d2+49d1d2+w1d1+49d1d2+d1d2=1000l_1d_2 + 49d_1d_2 + w_1d_1 + 49d_1d_2 + d_1d_2 = 1000l1​d2​+49d1​d2​+w1​d1​+49d1​d2​+d1​d2​=1000 l1d2+w1d1+(49+49+1)d1d2=1000l_1d_2 + w_1d_1 + (49 + 49 + 1)d_1d_2 = 1000l1​d2​+w1​d1​+(49+49+1)d1​d2​=1000 l1d2+w1d1+99d1d2=1000l_1d_2 + w_1d_1 + 99d_1d_2 = 1000l1​d2​+w1​d1​+99d1​d2​=1000

  5. Use the given relation d1d2=10d_1d_2 = 10d1​d2​=10. Substitute d1d2=10d_1d_2 = 10d1​d2​=10 into the equation from Step 4: l1d2+w1d1+99(10)=1000l_1d_2 + w_1d_1 + 99(10) = 1000l1​d2​+w1​d1​+99(10)=1000 l1d2+w1d1+990=1000l_1d_2 + w_1d_1 + 990 = 1000l1​d2​+w1​d1​+990=1000 l1d2+w1d1=10l_1d_2 + w_1d_1 = 10l1​d2​+w1​d1​=10

  6. Calculate the required value A100−A90A_{100} - A_{90}A100​−A90​. A100=l100w100=(l1+99d1)(w1+99d2)A_{100} = l_{100}w_{100} = (l_1 + 99d_1)(w_1 + 99d_2)A100​=l100​w100​=(l1​+99d1​)(w1​+99d2​) A90=l90w90=(l1+89d1)(w1+89d2)A_{90} = l_{90}w_{90} = (l_1 + 89d_1)(w_1 + 89d_2)A90​=l90​w90​=(l1​+89d1​)(w1​+89d2​) A100−A90=(l1+99d1)(w1+99d2)−(l1+89d1)(w1+89d2)A_{100} - A_{90} = (l_1 + 99d_1)(w_1 + 99d_2) - (l_1 + 89d_1)(w_1 + 89d_2)A100​−A90​=(l1​+99d1​)(w1​+99d2​)−(l1​+89d1​)(w1​+89d2​) Expand the products: A100=l1w1+99l1d2+99w1d1+992d1d2A_{100} = l_1w_1 + 99l_1d_2 + 99w_1d_1 + 99^2d_1d_2A100​=l1​w1​+99l1​d2​+99w1​d1​+992d1​d2​ A90=l1w1+89l1d2+89w1d1+892d1d2A_{90} = l_1w_1 + 89l_1d_2 + 89w_1d_1 + 89^2d_1d_2A90​=l1​w1​+89l1​d2​+89w1​d1​+892d1​d2​ Subtracting A90A_{90}A90​ from A100A_{100}A100​: A100−A90=(99−89)l1d2+(99−89)w1d1+(992−892)d1d2A_{100} - A_{90} = (99-89)l_1d_2 + (99-89)w_1d_1 + (99^2 - 89^2)d_1d_2A100​−A90​=(99−89)l1​d2​+(99−89)w1​d1​+(992−892)d1​d2​ =10(l1d2+w1d1)+(99−89)(99+89)d1d2= 10(l_1d_2 + w_1d_1) + (99-89)(99+89)d_1d_2=10(l1​d2​+w1​d1​)+(99−89)(99+89)d1​d2​ =10(l1d2+w1d1)+(10)(188)d1d2= 10(l_1d_2 + w_1d_1) + (10)(188)d_1d_2=10(l1​d2​+w1​d1​)+(10)(188)d1​d2​

  7. Substitute the known values to find the final answer. From Step 5, we know l1d2+w1d1=10l_1d_2 + w_1d_1 = 10l1​d2​+w1​d1​=10. We are given d1d2=10d_1d_2 = 10d1​d2​=10. A100−A90=10(10)+(10)(188)(10)A_{100} - A_{90} = 10(10) + (10)(188)(10)A100​−A90​=10(10)+(10)(188)(10) = 100 + 18800 = 18900

Thus, the value of A100−A90A_{100} - A_{90}A100​−A90​ is 18900.

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