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Functions question

2024 · Shift 2 · Q25
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Functions question

2024 · Shift 2 · Q25

JEE AdvancedMathematicsFunctionsNumerical+4 / −1
Let f:R→Rf: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}f:R→R be a function such that f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y)f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y)f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y) for all x,y∈Rx, y \in \mathbb{R}x,y∈R, and g:R→(0,∞)g: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow(0, \infty)g:R→(0,∞) be a function such that g(x+y)=g(x)g(y)g(x+y)=g(x) g(y)g(x+y)=g(x)g(y) for all x,y∈Rx, y \in \mathbb{R}x,y∈R. If f(−35)=12f\left(\frac{-3}{5}\right)=12f(5−3​)=12 and g(−13)=2g\left(\frac{-1}{3}\right)=2g(3−1​)=2, then the value of (f(14)+g(−2)−8)g(0)\left(f\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)+g(-2)-8\right) g(0)(f(41​)+g(−2)−8)g(0) is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 51

  1. We use the given functional equations.

For fff: f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y)f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y)f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y) So fff is additive.

For ggg: g(x+y)=g(x)g(y),g(x)>0g(x+y)=g(x)g(y), \qquad g(x)>0g(x+y)=g(x)g(y),g(x)>0 So ggg is exponential-type under addition.


  1. First find f(14)f\left(\frac14\right)f(41​).

Given: f(−35)=12f\left(-\frac35\right)=12f(−53​)=12 Using additivity, f(−35)=−f(35)f\left(-\frac35\right)=-f\left(\frac35\right)f(−53​)=−f(53​) Hence, f(35)=−12f\left(\frac35\right)=-12f(53​)=−12

Now, f(35)=f(3⋅15)=3f(15)f\left(\frac35\right)=f\left(3\cdot \frac15\right)=3f\left(\frac15\right)f(53​)=f(3⋅51​)=3f(51​) So, 3f(15)=−12  ⟹  f(15)=−43f\left(\frac15\right)=-12 \implies f\left(\frac15\right)=-43f(51​)=−12⟹f(51​)=−4

Also, f(14)=54f(15)f\left(\frac14\right)=\frac54 f\left(\frac15\right)f(41​)=45​f(51​) because for additive functions on rationals, f(qx)=qf(x)f(qx)=qf(x)f(qx)=qf(x) for rational qqq.

Thus, f(14)=54(−4)=−5f\left(\frac14\right)=\frac54(-4)=-5f(41​)=45​(−4)=−5

A quicker way is: 14=−512(−35)\frac14=-\frac{5}{12}\left(-\frac35\right)41​=−125​(−53​) so f(14)=−512⋅12=−5f\left(\frac14\right)=-\frac{5}{12}\cdot 12=-5f(41​)=−125​⋅12=−5


  1. Now find g(−2)g(-2)g(−2).

Given: g(−13)=2g\left(-\frac13\right)=2g(−31​)=2 Using g(nx)=g(x)ng(nx)=g(x)^ng(nx)=g(x)n for integer nnn, we get g(−2)=g(6⋅−13)=(g(−13))6=26=64g(-2)=g\left(6\cdot -\frac13\right)=\left(g\left(-\frac13\right)\right)^6=2^6=64g(−2)=g(6⋅−31​)=(g(−31​))6=26=64


  1. Find g(0)g(0)g(0).

Using the functional equation: g(0)=g(0+0)=g(0)2g(0)=g(0+0)=g(0)^2g(0)=g(0+0)=g(0)2 So, g(0)=0 or 1g(0)=0 \text{ or } 1g(0)=0 or 1 But g(x)∈(0,∞)g(x)\in(0,\infty)g(x)∈(0,∞), so g(0)>0g(0)>0g(0)>0. Hence, g(0)=1g(0)=1g(0)=1


  1. Evaluate the required expression: (f(14)+g(−2)−8)g(0)\left(f\left(\frac14\right)+g(-2)-8\right)g(0)(f(41​)+g(−2)−8)g(0) Substitute values: =(−5+64−8)(1)=\left(-5+64-8\right)(1)=(−5+64−8)(1) =51=51=51

  1. Comparison with stored correct answer.

Derived answer: 515151

Stored correct answer: 515151

Hence, the answer matches.

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