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Definite Integration question

2015 · Shift 1 · Q30
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Definite Integration question

2015 · Shift 1 · Q30

JEE AdvancedMathematicsDefinite IntegrationNumerical+4 / −1
Let f:R→Rf:R \to Rf:R→R be a function defined by f(x)={[x],x≤20,x>2f\left( x \right) = \left\{ {\begin{matrix} {\left[ x \right],} & {x \le 2} \\ {0,} & {x \gt 2} \\ \end{matrix} } \right.f(x)={[x],0,​x≤2x>2​ where [x]\left[ x \right][x] is the greatest integer less than or equal to xxx, if I=∫−12xf(x2)2+f(x+1)dx,I = \int\limits_{ - 1}^2 {{{xf\left( {{x^2}} \right)} \over {2 + f\left( {x + 1} \right)}}dx,}I=−1∫2​2+f(x+1)xf(x2)​dx, then the value of (4I−1)(4I-1)(4I−1) is
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: -2

  1. Given function
f(x)={[x],x≤20,x>2f(x)= \begin{cases} [x], & x\le 2 \\ 0, & x>2 \end{cases}f(x)={[x],0,​x≤2x>2​

We need to evaluate

I=∫−12x f(x2)2+f(x+1) dxI=\int_{-1}^{2} \frac{x\,f(x^2)}{2+f(x+1)}\,dxI=∫−12​2+f(x+1)xf(x2)​dx

and then find 4I−14I-14I−1.


  1. Evaluate f(x2)f(x^2)f(x2) on [−1,2][-1,2][−1,2]

Since x∈[−1,2]x\in[-1,2]x∈[−1,2], we have x2∈[0,4]x^2\in[0,4]x2∈[0,4].

  • If x2≤2x^2\le 2x2≤2, then f(x2)=[x2]f(x^2)=[x^2]f(x2)=[x2].
  • If x2>2x^2>2x2>2, then f(x2)=0f(x^2)=0f(x2)=0.

Now:

  • For 0≤x2<10\le x^2<10≤x2<1, [x2]=0[x^2]=0[x2]=0.
  • For 1≤x2≤21\le x^2\le 21≤x2≤2, [x2]=1[x^2]=1[x2]=1.
  • For x2>2x^2>2x2>2, f(x2)=0f(x^2)=0f(x2)=0.

Thus f(x2)=1f(x^2)=1f(x2)=1 exactly when

1≤x2≤2⟺x∈[−2,−1]∪[1,2]1\le x^2\le 2 \quad\Longleftrightarrow\quad x\in[-\sqrt2,-1]\cup[1,\sqrt2]1≤x2≤2⟺x∈[−2​,−1]∪[1,2​]

and f(x2)=0f(x^2)=0f(x2)=0 elsewhere.

So the integrand is nonzero only on

[−2,−1]∪[1,2].[-\sqrt2,-1]\cup[1,\sqrt2].[−2​,−1]∪[1,2​].
  1. Evaluate f(x+1)f(x+1)f(x+1)

For x∈[−1,2]x\in[-1,2]x∈[−1,2], we have x+1∈[0,3]x+1\in[0,3]x+1∈[0,3].

Now

  • if x+1≤2x+1\le 2x+1≤2, i.e. x≤1x\le 1x≤1, then f(x+1)=[x+1];f(x+1)=[x+1];f(x+1)=[x+1];
  • if x+1>2x+1>2x+1>2, i.e. x>1x>1x>1, then f(x+1)=0.f(x+1)=0.f(x+1)=0.

We only need this on the intervals where f(x2)=1f(x^2)=1f(x2)=1.

(i) On [−2,−1][-\sqrt2,-1][−2​,−1]

Here x≤−1x\le -1x≤−1, so x+1∈[−0.414...,0]x+1\in[-0.414...,0]x+1∈[−0.414...,0]. Hence

[x+1]=−1for x∈[−2,−1)[x+1]=-1 \quad \text{for } x\in[-\sqrt2,-1)[x+1]=−1for x∈[−2​,−1)

(the single point x=−1x=-1x=−1 does not affect the integral). Therefore

2+f(x+1)=2+(−1)=1.2+f(x+1)=2+(-1)=1.2+f(x+1)=2+(−1)=1.

So on [−2,−1][-\sqrt2,-1][−2​,−1], the integrand becomes simply xxx.

(ii) On [1,2][1,\sqrt2][1,2​]

Here x>1x>1x>1, so x+1>2x+1>2x+1>2, hence

f(x+1)=0f(x+1)=0f(x+1)=0

and therefore

2+f(x+1)=2.2+f(x+1)=2.2+f(x+1)=2.

So on [1,2][1,\sqrt2][1,2​], the integrand becomes

x2.\frac{x}{2}.2x​.
  1. Split the integral

Thus,

I=∫−2−1x dx+∫12x2 dx.I=\int_{-\sqrt2}^{-1} x\,dx + \int_{1}^{\sqrt2} \frac{x}{2}\,dx.I=∫−2​−1​xdx+∫12​​2x​dx.

Now compute each part.

First integral

∫−2−1x dx=[x22]−2−1=12−22=−12.\int_{-\sqrt2}^{-1} x\,dx =\left[\frac{x^2}{2}\right]_{-\sqrt2}^{-1} =\frac{1}{2}-\frac{2}{2} =-\frac{1}{2}.∫−2​−1​xdx=[2x2​]−2​−1​=21​−22​=−21​.

Second integral

∫12x2 dx=12[x22]12=14(2−1)=14.\int_{1}^{\sqrt2} \frac{x}{2}\,dx =\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{x^2}{2}\right]_{1}^{\sqrt2} =\frac{1}{4}(2-1) =\frac{1}{4}.∫12​​2x​dx=21​[2x2​]12​​=41​(2−1)=41​.

Therefore,

I=−12+14=−14.I=-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}=-\frac{1}{4}.I=−21​+41​=−41​.
  1. Find 4I−14I-14I−1
4I−1=4(−14)−1=−1−1=−2.4I-1=4\left(-\frac14\right)-1=-1-1=-2.4I−1=4(−41​)−1=−1−1=−2.
  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer is 000, but our derived value is

4I−1=−2.4I-1=-2.4I−1=−2.

So the stored answer appears to be incorrect.

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