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Application of Integration question

2021 · Shift 2 · Q29
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  5. /2021 · Shift 2 · Q29

Application of Integration question

2021 · Shift 2 · Q29

JEE AdvancedMathematicsApplication of IntegrationNumerical+2 / −1
Let f1 : (0, ∞\infty∞) →\to→ R and f2 : (0, ∞\infty∞) →\to→ R be defined by f1(x)=∫0x∏j=121(t−j)jdt{f_1}(x) = \int\limits_0^x {\prod\limits_{j = 1}^{21} {{{(t - j)}^j}dt} }f1​(x)=0∫x​j=1∏21​(t−j)jdt, x > 0 and f2(x)=98(x−1)50−600(x−1)49+2450,x>0{f_2}(x) = 98{(x - 1)^{50}} - 600{(x - 1)^{49}} + 2450,x \gt 0f2​(x)=98(x−1)50−600(x−1)49+2450,x>0, where, for any positive integer n and real numbers a1, a2, ....., an, ∏olimitsi=1nai\prod olimits_{i = 1}^n {{a_i}}∏olimitsi=1n​ai​ denotes the product of a1, a2, ....., an. Let mi and ni, respectively, denote the number of points of local minima and the number of points of local maxima of function fi, i = 1, 2 in the interval (0, ∞\infty∞). The value of 6m2+4n2+8m2n26{m_2} + 4{n_2} + 8{m_2}{n_2}6m2​+4n2​+8m2​n2​ is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 6.00

We need to find the number of local minima and local maxima of the given function that actually appears in the asked expression.

The question defines both f1f_1f1​ and f2f_2f2​, but the final expression is 6m2+4n2+8m2n2,6m_2+4n_2+8m_2n_2,6m2​+4n2​+8m2​n2​, so only f2f_2f2​ matters.


1. Given function

f2(x)=98(x−1)50−600(x−1)49+2450,x>0.f_2(x)=98(x-1)^{50}-600(x-1)^{49}+2450,\qquad x>0.f2​(x)=98(x−1)50−600(x−1)49+2450,x>0.

Let y=x−1.y=x-1.y=x−1. Then y>−1y>-1y>−1, and f2(x)=98y50−600y49+2450.f_2(x)=98y^{50}-600y^{49}+2450.f2​(x)=98y50−600y49+2450.

To find local minima/maxima, compute the derivative.


2. First derivative

f2′(x)=98⋅50(x−1)49−600⋅49(x−1)48.f_2'(x)=98\cdot 50(x-1)^{49}-600\cdot 49(x-1)^{48}.f2′​(x)=98⋅50(x−1)49−600⋅49(x−1)48.

So, f2′(x)=4900(x−1)49−29400(x−1)48.f_2'(x)=4900(x-1)^{49}-29400(x-1)^{48}.f2′​(x)=4900(x−1)49−29400(x−1)48.

Factorizing, f2′(x)=4900(x−1)48((x−1)−6).f_2'(x)=4900(x-1)^{48}\big((x-1)-6\big).f2′​(x)=4900(x−1)48((x−1)−6).

Hence, f2′(x)=4900(x−1)48(x−7).f_2'(x)=4900(x-1)^{48}(x-7).f2′​(x)=4900(x−1)48(x−7).

Critical points in (0,∞)(0,\infty)(0,∞) are obtained from f2′(x)=0  ⟹  x=1 or x=7.f_2'(x)=0 \implies x=1 \text{ or } x=7.f2′​(x)=0⟹x=1 or x=7.


3. Sign analysis of f2′(x)f_2'(x)f2′​(x)

Since (x−1)48≥0(x-1)^{48}\ge 0(x−1)48≥0 and is positive for x≠1x\ne 1x=1, its sign does not change across x=1x=1x=1 because the power is even.

Thus the sign of f2′(x)f_2'(x)f2′​(x) for x≠1x\ne 1x=1 is determined by (x−7)(x-7)(x−7).

Intervals:

  1. For 0<x<10<x<10<x<1: f2′(x)<0f_2'(x)<0f2′​(x)<0 because (x−1)48>0(x-1)^{48}>0(x−1)48>0 and (x−7)<0(x-7)<0(x−7)<0.

  2. For 1<x<71<x<71<x<7: f2′(x)<0f_2'(x)<0f2′​(x)<0 again because (x−1)48>0(x-1)^{48}>0(x−1)48>0 and (x−7)<0(x-7)<0(x−7)<0.

  3. For x>7x>7x>7: f2′(x)>0.f_2'(x)>0.f2′​(x)>0.

So:

  • At x=1x=1x=1, derivative is zero but sign remains negative on both sides Rightarrow RightarrowRightarrow neither maximum nor minimum.
  • At x=7x=7x=7, derivative changes from negative to positive Rightarrow RightarrowRightarrow local minimum.

Therefore, m2=1,n2=0.m_2=1,\qquad n_2=0.m2​=1,n2​=0.


4. Required value

6m2+4n2+8m2n2=6(1)+4(0)+8(1)(0)=6.6m_2+4n_2+8m_2n_2=6(1)+4(0)+8(1)(0)=6.6m2​+4n2​+8m2​n2​=6(1)+4(0)+8(1)(0)=6.


5. Comparison with stored answer

Derived answer = 666.

Stored correct answer = 6.006.006.00.

They match.

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