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P Block Elements question

2017 · Shift 2 · Q2
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P Block Elements question

2017 · Shift 2 · Q2

JEE AdvancedChemistryP Block ElementsMCQ+3 / −0.75
Upon heating KClO3KCl{O_3}KClO3​ in the presence of catalytic amount of MnO2,Mn{O_2},MnO2​, a gas WWW is formed. Excess amount of WWW reacts with white phosphorous to give X.X.X. The reaction of XXX with pure HNO3HN{O_3}HNO3​ gives YYY and Z.Z.Z.YYY and ZZZ are, respectively
  1. A
    N2O3{N_2}{O_3}N2​O3​ and H3PO4{H_3}P{O_4}H3​PO4​
  2. B
    N2O5{N_2}{O_5}N2​O5​ and HPO3HP{O_3}HPO3​
  3. C
    N2O4{N_2}{O_4}N2​O4​ and HPO3HP{O_3}HPO3​
  4. D
    N2O4{N_2}{O_4}N2​O4​ and H3PO3{H_3}P{O_3}H3​PO3​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

The problem asks to identify the final products, Y and Z, from a series of reactions. Let's break down the process step-by-step.

Step 1: Identify Gas W

The first step is the heating of potassium chlorate (KClO3KCl{O_3}KClO3​) in the presence of a catalytic amount of manganese dioxide (MnO2Mn{O_2}MnO2​). This is a classic laboratory method for the preparation of oxygen gas.

The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: 2KClO3(s)→MnO2,Δ2KCl(s)+3O2(g)2KClO_3(s) \xrightarrow{MnO_2, \Delta} 2KCl(s) + 3O_2(g)2KClO3​(s)MnO2​,Δ​2KCl(s)+3O2​(g) Thus, the gas W is oxygen (O2O_2O2​).

Step 2: Identify Compound X

Next, an excess amount of gas W (oxygen, O2O_2O2​) reacts with white phosphorus (P4P_4P4​). When phosphorus burns in an excess of air or oxygen, it forms phosphorus pentoxide.

The balanced chemical equation is: P4(s)+5O2(g,excess)→P4O10(s)P_4(s) + 5O_2(g, \text{excess}) \to P_4O_{10}(s)P4​(s)+5O2​(g,excess)→P4​O10​(s) Phosphorus pentoxide exists as a dimer, P4O10P_4O_{10}P4​O10​. So, compound X is phosphorus pentoxide (P4O10P_4O_{10}P4​O10​).

Step 3: Identify Compounds Y and Z

Finally, compound X (P4O10P_4O_{10}P4​O10​) reacts with pure nitric acid (HNO3HN{O_3}HNO3​). Phosphorus pentoxide is a very powerful dehydrating agent. It reacts with nitric acid by removing water from it to form the anhydride of nitric acid, which is dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5N_2O_5N2​O5​). In this process, P4O10P_4O_{10}P4​O10​ itself gets hydrated to form metaphosphoric acid (HPO3HPO_3HPO3​).

The dehydration of nitric acid can be represented as: 2HNO3→−H2ON2O52HNO_3 \xrightarrow{-H_2O} N_2O_52HNO3​−H2​O​N2​O5​ The overall balanced reaction between phosphorus pentoxide and nitric acid is: P4O10(s)+4HNO3(l)→2N2O5(g)+4HPO3(l)P_4O_{10}(s) + 4HNO_3(l) \to 2N_2O_5(g) + 4HPO_3(l)P4​O10​(s)+4HNO3​(l)→2N2​O5​(g)+4HPO3​(l) The products of this reaction are dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5N_2O_5N2​O5​) and metaphosphoric acid (HPO3HPO_3HPO3​). Therefore, Y and Z are N2O5N_2O_5N2​O5​ and HPO3HPO_3HPO3​.

Step 4: Compare with Options

Let's check the given options: A: N2O3{N_2}{O_3}N2​O3​ and H3PO4{H_3}P{O_4}H3​PO4​ - Incorrect. B: N2O5{N_2}{O_5}N2​O5​ and HPO3HP{O_3}HPO3​ - Correct. The products are dinitrogen pentoxide and metaphosphoric acid. C: N2O4{N_2}{O_4}N2​O4​ and HPO3HP{O_3}HPO3​ - Incorrect. D: N2O4{N_2}{O_4}N2​O4​ and H3PO3{H_3}P{O_3}H3​PO3​ - Incorrect.

The pair of compounds formed is (N2O5N_2O_5N2​O5​, HPO3HPO_3HPO3​), which corresponds to option B. The question asks for Y and Z respectively, and option B provides the correct pair of substances.

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