Given below are two statements:
Statement I: RNA mutates at a faster rate.
Statement II: Viruses having RNA genome and shorter life span mutate and evolve faster.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- ABoth Statement I and Statement II are false.
- BStatement I is true but Statement II is false.
- CStatement I is false but Statement II is true.
- DBoth Statement I and Statement II are true.
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Correct answer: D
Statement I is true because RNA, particularly in RNA viruses, does mutate at a faster rate than DNA. This is largely due to the lack of proofreading mechanisms in RNA replication that are present in DNA replication.
Statement II is also true. Viruses with an RNA genome, like the influenza virus or HIV, can mutate and evolve faster. The high mutation rate of RNA, combined with the short generation time of viruses, leads to rapid evolution, allowing these viruses to quickly adapt to new environments or hosts.
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