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Waves question

2019 · 9 Apr · Shift 1 · Q62
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Waves question

2019 · 9 Apr · Shift 1 · Q62

JEE MainPhysicsWavesMCQ+4 / −1
The pressure wave, P = 0.01 sin [1000t – 3x] Nm–2, corresponds to the sound produced by a vibrating blade on a day when atmospheric temperature is 0°C. On some other day, when temperature is T, the speed of sound produced by the same blade and at the same frequency is found to be 336 ms–1 . Approximate value of T is
  1. A
    12°C
  2. B
    15°C
  3. C
    4°C
  4. D
    11°C
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Given pressure wave

    P=0.01sin⁡(1000t−3x)  N m−2P = 0.01\sin(1000t-3x)\;\text{N m}^{-2}P=0.01sin(1000t−3x)N m−2

    Compare with the standard wave form:

    P=P0sin⁡(ωt−kx)P = P_0\sin(\omega t-kx)P=P0​sin(ωt−kx)

    Hence,

    ω=1000 rad s−1,k=3 rad m−1\omega = 1000\ \text{rad s}^{-1}, \qquad k=3\ \text{rad m}^{-1}ω=1000 rad s−1,k=3 rad m−1

  2. Find speed of sound on the day when temperature is 0∘0^\circ0∘C

    Wave speed is

    v0=ωk=10003 m s−1≈333.3 m s−1v_0=\frac{\omega}{k}=\frac{1000}{3}\ \text{m s}^{-1} \approx 333.3\ \text{m s}^{-1}v0​=kω​=31000​ m s−1≈333.3 m s−1

  3. Same blade vibrating at same frequency on another day

    Since the blade is the same, the frequency remains the same. On the other day, speed of sound is given as

    v=336 m s−1v=336\ \text{m s}^{-1}v=336 m s−1

  4. Use temperature dependence of speed of sound in air

    For air,

    vt≈332+0.6Tv_t \approx 332 + 0.6Tvt​≈332+0.6T

    where TTT is in ∘^\circ∘C.

    At T=0∘T=0^\circT=0∘C, speed is approximately 332 m s−1332\ \text{m s}^{-1}332 m s−1, close to the value obtained from the wave.

    Using the change in speed form is better:

    Δv=0.6T\Delta v = 0.6TΔv=0.6T

    Here,

    Δv=336−10003=336−333.3=2.7 m s−1\Delta v = 336 - \frac{1000}{3} = 336 - 333.3 = 2.7\ \text{m s}^{-1}Δv=336−31000​=336−333.3=2.7 m s−1

    So,

    T=2.70.6=4.5∘CT = \frac{2.7}{0.6} = 4.5^\circ\text{C}T=0.62.7​=4.5∘C

  5. Approximate value

    Closest option is

    4∘C\boxed{4^\circ\text{C}}4∘C​

  6. Check options

    • A: 12∘12^\circ12∘C ⇒\Rightarrow⇒ too high
    • B: 15∘15^\circ15∘C ⇒\Rightarrow⇒ too high
    • C: 4∘4^\circ4∘C ⇒\Rightarrow⇒ matches
    • D: 11∘11^\circ11∘C ⇒\Rightarrow⇒ too high

Therefore, the correct option is C.

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