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Wave Optics question

2025 · 3 Apr · Shift 2 · Q52
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Wave Optics question

2025 · 3 Apr · Shift 2 · Q52

JEE MainPhysicsWave OpticsMCQ+4 / −1
Two monochromatic light beams have intensities in the ratio 1:9. An interference pattern is obtained by these beams. The ratio of the intensities of maximum to minimum is
  1. A
    8:18: 18:1
  2. B
    4:14: 14:1
  3. C
    3:13: 13:1
  4. D
    9:19: 19:1
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Let the intensities of the two interfering beams be I1:I2=1:9.I_1:I_2 = 1:9.I1​:I2​=1:9. So we can take I1=I,I2=9I.I_1 = I, \qquad I_2 = 9I.I1​=I,I2​=9I.

  2. In interference, the intensities at maximum and minimum are: Imax⁡=(I1+I2)2,I_{\max} = \left(\sqrt{I_1}+\sqrt{I_2}\right)^2,Imax​=(I1​​+I2​​)2, Imin⁡=(I1−I2)2.I_{\min} = \left(\sqrt{I_1}-\sqrt{I_2}\right)^2.Imin​=(I1​​−I2​​)2.

  3. Substitute the given values: I1=I,I2=9I=3I.\sqrt{I_1} = \sqrt{I}, \qquad \sqrt{I_2} = \sqrt{9I}=3\sqrt{I}.I1​​=I​,I2​​=9I​=3I​.

    Therefore, Imax⁡=(I+3I)2=(4I)2=16I,I_{\max} = (\sqrt{I}+3\sqrt{I})^2 = (4\sqrt{I})^2 = 16I,Imax​=(I​+3I​)2=(4I​)2=16I, Imin⁡=(3I−I)2=(2I)2=4I.I_{\min} = (3\sqrt{I}-\sqrt{I})^2 = (2\sqrt{I})^2 = 4I.Imin​=(3I​−I​)2=(2I​)2=4I.

  4. Hence the ratio of maximum to minimum intensity is Imax⁡:Imin⁡=16I:4I=4:1.I_{\max}:I_{\min} = 16I:4I = 4:1.Imax​:Imin​=16I:4I=4:1.

  5. Checking options:

    • A: 8:18:18:1 ❌
    • B: 4:14:14:1 ✅
    • C: 3:13:13:1 ❌
    • D: 9:19:19:1 ❌

Therefore, the correct answer is Option B.

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