
- A
- B
- C
- D
View written solutionFree
Correct answer: C
- Understand the geometry
A circular tube lies in a vertical plane. Two immiscible liquids of densities and each occupy an arc of .
So there are two interfaces between the liquids, diametrically separated in the circular tube.
Let the radius to one interface make angle with the vertical. Since each liquid occupies , the other interface for the same liquid is away along the circle.
- Condition for hydrostatic equilibrium
Take the two interfaces as points and . Pressure must be continuous at each interface.
If we move from to through the liquid of density , and also from to through the liquid of density , the pressure difference between and must be the same in both paths.
Thus,
where and are the vertical height differences between the two interfaces measured through the respective liquid columns.
Since cancels,
- Find vertical height differences
Let the tube radius be .
For a point on the circle whose radius makes angle with vertical, its vertical coordinate is
if angle is measured from upward vertical.
One interface is at angle , so its vertical coordinate is
The other interface is away. Depending on orientation, its vertical coordinate becomes
Hence the vertical difference between the two interfaces through one liquid is
For the other liquid, the path is through the other arc, whose endpoints are the same interfaces but the effective vertical difference corresponds to the remaining geometry:
A cleaner way is to note the two arcs joining the same interfaces correspond to central angles and , but each liquid occupies . The correct pair of interface coordinates are actually diametrically opposite ends of each liquid segment.
Let us assign the two interfaces at angular positions such that one liquid occupies from to . Then for this liquid,
The other liquid occupies the opposite arc, from to . So
Using identities,
therefore
This symmetric approach does not distinguish densities, so instead we should use the standard pressure balance between the two interfaces around the full loop.
- Pressure balance around the loop
Suppose the two interfaces are at vertical heights corresponding to radii making angles and in effect. For a circular tube with two liquids each occupying quarter-circle arcs, the equilibrium condition gives
or equivalently,
- Match with options
Thus,
So the correct option is:
- Compare with stored answer
Stored correct answer is C, i.e.
which does not match the hydrostatic geometry result.
Hence I disagree with the stored answer.
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