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Motion in A Plane question

2019 · 9 Jan · Shift 2 · Q72
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Motion in A Plane question

2019 · 9 Jan · Shift 2 · Q72

JEE MainPhysicsMotion in A PlaneMCQ+4 / −1
The position co-ordinates of a particle moving in a 3-D coordinate system is given by x = a cos ω\omegaω t y = a sin ω\omegaω t and z = a ω\omegaω t The speed of the particle is :
  1. A
    2 aω\sqrt 2 \,a\omega2​aω
  2. B
    aωa\omegaaω
  3. C
    3 aω\sqrt 3 \,a\omega3​aω
  4. D
    2a ω\omegaω
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given position coordinates

The particle has coordinates: x=acos⁡ωt,y=asin⁡ωt,z=aωtx=a\cos \omega t, \qquad y=a\sin \omega t, \qquad z=a\omega tx=acosωt,y=asinωt,z=aωt

We need the speed, i.e. the magnitude of velocity: v=(dxdt)2+(dydt)2+(dzdt)2v=\sqrt{\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2+\left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2+\left(\frac{dz}{dt}\right)^2}v=(dtdx​)2+(dtdy​)2+(dtdz​)2​

  1. Differentiate each coordinate w.r.t. time

dxdt=−aωsin⁡ωt\frac{dx}{dt}=-a\omega \sin \omega tdtdx​=−aωsinωt

dydt=aωcos⁡ωt\frac{dy}{dt}=a\omega \cos \omega tdtdy​=aωcosωt

dzdt=aω\frac{dz}{dt}=a\omegadtdz​=aω

  1. Compute speed

Substitute into the velocity magnitude formula:

v=(−aωsin⁡ωt)2+(aωcos⁡ωt)2+(aω)2v=\sqrt{(-a\omega \sin \omega t)^2+(a\omega \cos \omega t)^2+(a\omega)^2}v=(−aωsinωt)2+(aωcosωt)2+(aω)2​

v=a2ω2sin⁡2ωt+a2ω2cos⁡2ωt+a2ω2v=\sqrt{a^2\omega^2\sin^2\omega t+a^2\omega^2\cos^2\omega t+a^2\omega^2}v=a2ω2sin2ωt+a2ω2cos2ωt+a2ω2​

Factor out a2ω2a^2\omega^2a2ω2:

v=a2ω2(sin⁡2ωt+cos⁡2ωt+1)v=\sqrt{a^2\omega^2(\sin^2\omega t+\cos^2\omega t+1)}v=a2ω2(sin2ωt+cos2ωt+1)​

Using sin⁡2θ+cos⁡2θ=1\sin^2\theta+\cos^2\theta=1sin2θ+cos2θ=1 we get:

v=a2ω2(1+1)v=\sqrt{a^2\omega^2(1+1)}v=a2ω2(1+1)​

v=2a2ω2=2 aωv=\sqrt{2a^2\omega^2}=\sqrt{2}\,a\omegav=2a2ω2​=2​aω

  1. Match with options

The correct option is:

A  :  2 aω\boxed{A\;:\;\sqrt{2}\,a\omega}A:2​aω​

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