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Gravitation question

2023 · 30 Jan · Shift 1 · Q54
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  5. /2023 · 30 Jan · Shift 1 · Q54

Gravitation question

2023 · 30 Jan · Shift 1 · Q54

JEE MainPhysicsGravitationMCQ+4 / −1
If the gravitational field in the space is given as (−Kr2)\left(-\frac{K}{r^{2}}\right)(−r2K​). Taking the reference point to be at r=2 cm\mathrm{r}=2 \mathrm{~cm}r=2 cm with gravitational potential V=10 J/kg\mathrm{V}=10 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{kg}V=10 J/kg. Find the gravitational potential at r=3 cm\mathrm{r}=3 \mathrm{~cm}r=3 cm in SI unit (Given, that K=6 Jcm/kg\mathrm{K}=6 \mathrm{~Jcm} / \mathrm{kg}K=6 Jcm/kg)
  1. A
    9
  2. B
    11
  3. C
    10
  4. D
    12
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Given data

    The gravitational field is g(r)=−Kr2g(r)=-\frac{K}{r^2}g(r)=−r2K​ with K=6 J⋅cm/kgK=6\ \text{J·cm/kg}K=6 J⋅cm/kg

    Reference point: r1=2 cm,V(r1)=10 J/kgr_1=2\ \text{cm}, \quad V(r_1)=10\ \text{J/kg}r1​=2 cm,V(r1​)=10 J/kg

    We need to find potential at r2=3 cmr_2=3\ \text{cm}r2​=3 cm

  2. Relation between gravitational field and potential

    Gravitational field and potential are related by g(r)=−dVdrg(r)=-\frac{dV}{dr}g(r)=−drdV​

    Since g(r)=−Kr2g(r)=-\frac{K}{r^2}g(r)=−r2K​ we get −dVdr=−Kr2-\frac{dV}{dr}=-\frac{K}{r^2}−drdV​=−r2K​ ⇒dVdr=Kr2\Rightarrow \frac{dV}{dr}=\frac{K}{r^2}⇒drdV​=r2K​

  3. Integrate to get potential difference

    V(r2)−V(r1)=∫r1r2Kr2 drV(r_2)-V(r_1)=\int_{r_1}^{r_2} \frac{K}{r^2}\,drV(r2​)−V(r1​)=∫r1​r2​​r2K​dr

    =K∫23r−2 dr=K\int_{2}^{3} r^{-2}\,dr=K∫23​r−2dr

    =K[−1r]23=K\left[-\frac{1}{r}\right]_{2}^{3}=K[−r1​]23​

    =K(−13+12)=K\left(-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}\right)=K(−31​+21​)

    =K(16)=K\left(\frac{1}{6}\right)=K(61​)

  4. Substitute K=6 J⋅cm/kgK=6\ \text{J·cm/kg}K=6 J⋅cm/kg

    V(3)−V(2)=6×16=1 J/kgV(3)-V(2)=6\times \frac{1}{6}=1\ \text{J/kg}V(3)−V(2)=6×61​=1 J/kg

    Therefore, V(3)=V(2)+1=10+1=11 J/kgV(3)=V(2)+1=10+1=11\ \text{J/kg}V(3)=V(2)+1=10+1=11 J/kg

  5. Final answer

    11 J/kg\boxed{11\ \text{J/kg}}11 J/kg​

    So the correct option is B.

  6. Check with stored answer

    Stored correct answer: B

    Our derived answer: B

    Hence, they agree.

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