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Geometrical Optics question

2023 · 15 Apr · Shift 1 · Q67
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  5. /2023 · 15 Apr · Shift 1 · Q67

Geometrical Optics question

2023 · 15 Apr · Shift 1 · Q67

JEE MainPhysicsGeometrical OpticsNumerical+4 / −1
The refractive index of a transparent liquid filled in an equilateral hollow prism is 2\sqrt{2}2​. The angle of minimum deviation for the liquid will be ‾∘\underline{\hspace{2cm}}^\circ​∘.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 30

  1. Given data
  • Prism is equilateral, so prism angle A=60∘A = 60^\circA=60∘
  • Refractive index of the liquid: μ=2\mu = \sqrt{2}μ=2​

We need the angle of minimum deviation δm\delta_mδm​.

  1. Formula for minimum deviation in a prism

For a prism at minimum deviation, μ=sin⁡(A+δm2)sin⁡(A2)\mu = \frac{\sin\left(\frac{A+\delta_m}{2}\right)}{\sin\left(\frac{A}{2}\right)}μ=sin(2A​)sin(2A+δm​​)​

Substitute A=60∘A=60^\circA=60∘: 2=sin⁡(60∘+δm2)sin⁡30∘\sqrt{2} = \frac{\sin\left(\frac{60^\circ+\delta_m}{2}\right)}{\sin 30^\circ}2​=sin30∘sin(260∘+δm​​)​

Since sin⁡30∘=12\sin 30^\circ = \frac{1}{2}sin30∘=21​ we get 2=sin⁡(60∘+δm2)1/2\sqrt{2} = \frac{\sin\left(\frac{60^\circ+\delta_m}{2}\right)}{1/2}2​=1/2sin(260∘+δm​​)​

So, sin⁡(60∘+δm2)=22\sin\left(\frac{60^\circ+\delta_m}{2}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}sin(260∘+δm​​)=22​​

  1. Solve the trigonometric equation

We know 22=sin⁡45∘\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} = \sin 45^\circ22​​=sin45∘

Hence, 60∘+δm2=45∘\frac{60^\circ+\delta_m}{2}=45^\circ260∘+δm​​=45∘

Therefore, 60∘+δm=90∘60^\circ+\delta_m=90^\circ60∘+δm​=90∘ δm=30∘\delta_m=30^\circδm​=30∘

  1. Final answer

The angle of minimum deviation is 30∘\boxed{30^\circ}30∘​

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