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Geometrical Optics question

2021 · 17 Mar · Shift 2 · Q63
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  5. /2021 · 17 Mar · Shift 2 · Q63

Geometrical Optics question

2021 · 17 Mar · Shift 2 · Q63

JEE MainPhysicsGeometrical OpticsNumerical+4 / −1
The image of an object placed in air formed by a convex refracting surface is at a distance of 10 m behind the surface. The image is real and is at 2rd3{{{2^{rd}}} \over 3}32rd​ of the distance of the object from the surface. The wavelength of light inside the surface is 23{2 \over 3}32​ times the wavelength in air. The radius of the curved surface is x13{x \over {13}}13x​ m. The value of 'x' is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 30

  1. Find the refractive index of the medium

Given that the wavelength inside the medium is 23\dfrac{2}{3}32​ times the wavelength in air:

λmedium=23λair\lambda_{\text{medium}}=\frac{2}{3}\lambda_{\text{air}}λmedium​=32​λair​

Since frequency remains unchanged,

n=λairλmedium=12/3=32n=\frac{\lambda_{\text{air}}}{\lambda_{\text{medium}}}=\frac{1}{2/3}=\frac{3}{2}n=λmedium​λair​​=2/31​=23​

So, the refractive index of the refracting medium is

n2=32,n1=1n_2=\frac{3}{2}, \qquad n_1=1n2​=23​,n1​=1


  1. Use the given image distance relation

The image is formed 10 m behind the surface, and it is real. So,

v=+10 mv=+10\,\text{m}v=+10m

Also, the image distance is 23\dfrac{2}{3}32​ of the object distance from the surface:

v=23udistancev=\frac{2}{3}u_{\text{distance}}v=32​udistance​

Hence,

10=23udistance⇒udistance=15 m10=\frac{2}{3}u_{\text{distance}} \Rightarrow u_{\text{distance}}=15\,\text{m}10=32​udistance​⇒udistance​=15m

Using Cartesian sign convention, object is on the left of the surface:

u=−15 mu=-15\,\text{m}u=−15m


  1. Apply refraction at a spherical surface formula

For refraction at a spherical surface:

n2v−n1u=n2−n1R\frac{n_2}{v}-\frac{n_1}{u}=\frac{n_2-n_1}{R}vn2​​−un1​​=Rn2​−n1​​

Substitute values:

3/210−1−15=(3/2)−1R\frac{3/2}{10}-\frac{1}{-15}=\frac{(3/2)-1}{R}103/2​−−151​=R(3/2)−1​

320+115=12R\frac{3}{20}+\frac{1}{15}=\frac{1}{2R}203​+151​=2R1​

Take LCM 606060:

9+460=12R\frac{9+4}{60}=\frac{1}{2R}609+4​=2R1​

1360=12R\frac{13}{60}=\frac{1}{2R}6013​=2R1​

So,

2R=60132R=\frac{60}{13}2R=1360​

R=3013 mR=\frac{30}{13}\,\text{m}R=1330​m


  1. Compare with the given form

Radius is given as

R=x13 mR=\frac{x}{13}\,\text{m}R=13x​m

Thus,

x13=3013⇒x=30\frac{x}{13}=\frac{30}{13} \Rightarrow x=3013x​=1330​⇒x=30


  1. Final answer

30\boxed{30}30​

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