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Current Electricity question

2023 · 6 Apr · Shift 2 · Q59
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  5. /2023 · 6 Apr · Shift 2 · Q59

Current Electricity question

2023 · 6 Apr · Shift 2 · Q59

JEE MainPhysicsCurrent ElectricityMCQ+4 / −1
A student is provided with a variable voltage source V\mathrm{V}V, a test resistor RT=10 ΩR_{T}=10 ~\OmegaRT​=10 Ω, two identical galvanometers G1G_{1}G1​ and G2G_{2}G2​ and two additional resistors, R1=10 MΩR_{1}=10 ~M \OmegaR1​=10 MΩ and R2=0.001 ΩR_{2}=0.001 ~\OmegaR2​=0.001 Ω. For conducting an experiment to verify ohm's law, the most suitable circuit is:
  1. A
    JEE Main 2023 (Online) 6th April Evening Shift Physics - Current Electricity Question 70 English Option 1
  2. B
    JEE Main 2023 (Online) 6th April Evening Shift Physics - Current Electricity Question 70 English Option 2
  3. C
    JEE Main 2023 (Online) 6th April Evening Shift Physics - Current Electricity Question 70 English Option 3
  4. D
    JEE Main 2023 (Online) 6th April Evening Shift Physics - Current Electricity Question 70 English Option 4
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Goal of the experiment

To verify Ohm’s law for the test resistor RT=10 ΩR_T=10\,\OmegaRT​=10Ω, we need a circuit with:

  • an ammeter in series with RTR_TRT​
  • a voltmeter in parallel across RTR_TRT​
  • a variable voltage source to vary current/voltage.

So the main task is to see how the given galvanometers can be converted into a suitable ammeter and voltmeter.


  1. How to convert a galvanometer

A galvanometer can be converted into:

  • Ammeter: by connecting a very small resistance in parallel (shunt)
  • Voltmeter: by connecting a very large resistance in series (multiplier)

Given:

  • R1=10 MΩR_1=10\,\text{M}\OmegaR1​=10MΩ (very large)
  • R2=0.001 ΩR_2=0.001\,\OmegaR2​=0.001Ω (very small)

Therefore:

  • use R2R_2R2​ with one galvanometer to make an ammeter
  • use R1R_1R1​ with the other galvanometer to make a voltmeter

  1. Placement in the Ohm’s law circuit

For correct verification of Ohm’s law:

  • the ammeter should be in series with RTR_TRT​
  • the voltmeter should be connected across RTR_TRT​

Thus the correct circuit must show:

  • one galvanometer with R2R_2R2​ as a shunt, placed in series
  • the other galvanometer with R1R_1R1​ in series, connected in parallel across RTR_TRT​

  1. Identifying the correct option

Among the options, the one that satisfies both conditions above is Option C.


  1. Final answer

The most suitable circuit is:

C\boxed{\text{C}}C​


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: C

My derived answer: C

Hence, they agree.

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