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Vector Algebra question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q40
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  5. /2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q40

Vector Algebra question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q40

JEE MainMathematicsVector AlgebraMCQ+4 / −1
For λ>0\lambda\gt 0λ>0, let θ\thetaθ be the angle between the vectors a⃗=i^+λj^−3k^\vec{a}=\hat{i}+\lambda \hat{j}-3 \hat{k}a=i^+λj^​−3k^ and b⃗=3i^−j^+2k^\vec{b}=3 \hat{i}-\hat{j}+2 \hat{k}b=3i^−j^​+2k^. If the vectors a⃗+b⃗\vec{a}+\vec{b}a+b and a⃗−b⃗\vec{a}-\vec{b}a−b are mutually perpendicular, then the value of (14 cos θ)2\theta)^2θ)2 is equal to
  1. A
    25
  2. B
    50
  3. C
    20
  4. D
    40
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given vectors

a⃗=i^+λj^−3k^=(1,λ,−3),b⃗=3i^−j^+2k^=(3,−1,2)\vec a=\hat i+\lambda \hat j-3\hat k=(1,\lambda,-3),\qquad \vec b=3\hat i-\hat j+2\hat k=(3,-1,2)a=i^+λj^​−3k^=(1,λ,−3),b=3i^−j^​+2k^=(3,−1,2)

We are told that a⃗+b⃗\vec a+\vec ba+b and a⃗−b⃗\vec a-\vec ba−b are perpendicular.

  1. Use perpendicularity condition

If two vectors are perpendicular, then their dot product is zero:

(a⃗+b⃗)⋅(a⃗−b⃗)=0(\vec a+\vec b)\cdot(\vec a-\vec b)=0(a+b)⋅(a−b)=0

Now,

(a⃗+b⃗)⋅(a⃗−b⃗)=a⃗⋅a⃗−b⃗⋅b⃗=∣a⃗∣2−∣b⃗∣2(\vec a+\vec b)\cdot(\vec a-\vec b)=\vec a\cdot\vec a-\vec b\cdot\vec b=|\vec a|^2-|\vec b|^2(a+b)⋅(a−b)=a⋅a−b⋅b=∣a∣2−∣b∣2

So,

∣a⃗∣2=∣b⃗∣2|\vec a|^2=|\vec b|^2∣a∣2=∣b∣2

Compute both:

∣a⃗∣2=12+λ2+(−3)2=1+λ2+9=λ2+10|\vec a|^2=1^2+\lambda^2+(-3)^2=1+\lambda^2+9=\lambda^2+10∣a∣2=12+λ2+(−3)2=1+λ2+9=λ2+10

∣b⃗∣2=32+(−1)2+22=9+1+4=14|\vec b|^2=3^2+(-1)^2+2^2=9+1+4=14∣b∣2=32+(−1)2+22=9+1+4=14

Hence,

λ2+10=14⇒λ2=4\lambda^2+10=14 \Rightarrow \lambda^2=4λ2+10=14⇒λ2=4

Given λ>0\lambda>0λ>0, we get

λ=2\lambda=2λ=2

  1. Find cos⁡θ\cos\thetacosθ

Angle θ\thetaθ is between a⃗\vec aa and b⃗\vec bb, so

cos⁡θ=a⃗⋅b⃗∣a⃗∣∣b⃗∣\cos\theta=\frac{\vec a\cdot\vec b}{|\vec a||\vec b|}cosθ=∣a∣∣b∣a⋅b​

With λ=2\lambda=2λ=2,

a⃗=(1,2,−3)\vec a=(1,2,-3)a=(1,2,−3)

Now compute dot product:

a⃗⋅b⃗=1⋅3+2⋅(−1)+(−3)⋅2=3−2−6=−5\vec a\cdot\vec b=1\cdot 3+2\cdot(-1)+(-3)\cdot 2=3-2-6=-5a⋅b=1⋅3+2⋅(−1)+(−3)⋅2=3−2−6=−5

Also,

∣a⃗∣=∣b⃗∣=14|\vec a|=|\vec b|=\sqrt{14}∣a∣=∣b∣=14​

Therefore,

cos⁡θ=−51414=−514\cos\theta=\frac{-5}{\sqrt{14}\sqrt{14}}=\frac{-5}{14}cosθ=14​14​−5​=14−5​

  1. Compute (14cos⁡θ)2(14\cos\theta)^2(14cosθ)2

14cos⁡θ=14(−514)=−514\cos\theta=14\left(\frac{-5}{14}\right)=-514cosθ=14(14−5​)=−5

Thus,

(14cos⁡θ)2=(−5)2=25(14\cos\theta)^2=(-5)^2=25(14cosθ)2=(−5)2=25

  1. Match with options

The correct option is:

25\boxed{25}25​

So, Option A is correct.

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