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Trigonometric Ratio and Identites question

2023 · 6 Apr · Shift 2 · Q40
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Trigonometric Ratio and Identites question

2023 · 6 Apr · Shift 2 · Q40

JEE MainMathematicsTrigonometric Ratio and IdentitesNumerical+4 / −1
The value of tan⁡9∘−tan⁡27∘−tan⁡63∘+tan⁡81∘\tan 9^{\circ}-\tan 27^{\circ}-\tan 63^{\circ}+\tan 81^{\circ}tan9∘−tan27∘−tan63∘+tan81∘ is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 4

  1. Let E=tan⁡9∘−tan⁡27∘−tan⁡63∘+tan⁡81∘.E=\tan 9^\circ-\tan 27^\circ-\tan 63^\circ+\tan 81^\circ.E=tan9∘−tan27∘−tan63∘+tan81∘.

  2. Use the complementary-angle identity: tan⁡(90∘−θ)=cot⁡θ=1tan⁡θ.\tan(90^\circ-\theta)=\cot\theta=\frac{1}{\tan\theta}.tan(90∘−θ)=cotθ=tanθ1​. So, tan⁡81∘=cot⁡9∘=1tan⁡9∘,\tan 81^\circ=\cot 9^\circ=\frac{1}{\tan 9^\circ},tan81∘=cot9∘=tan9∘1​, tan⁡63∘=cot⁡27∘=1tan⁡27∘.\tan 63^\circ=\cot 27^\circ=\frac{1}{\tan 27^\circ}.tan63∘=cot27∘=tan27∘1​.

Thus, E=tan⁡9∘−tan⁡27∘−1tan⁡27∘+1tan⁡9∘.E=\tan 9^\circ-\tan 27^\circ-\frac{1}{\tan 27^\circ}+\frac{1}{\tan 9^\circ}.E=tan9∘−tan27∘−tan27∘1​+tan9∘1​.

  1. Group the terms: E=(tan⁡9∘+1tan⁡9∘)−(tan⁡27∘+1tan⁡27∘).E=\left(\tan 9^\circ+\frac{1}{\tan 9^\circ}\right)-\left(\tan 27^\circ+\frac{1}{\tan 27^\circ}\right).E=(tan9∘+tan9∘1​)−(tan27∘+tan27∘1​).

Using x+1x=x2+1x=sec⁡2θtan⁡θ=1sin⁡θcos⁡θ=2sin⁡2θ,x+\frac{1}{x}=\frac{x^2+1}{x}=\frac{\sec^2\theta}{\tan\theta}=\frac{1}{\sin\theta\cos\theta}=\frac{2}{\sin 2\theta},x+x1​=xx2+1​=tanθsec2θ​=sinθcosθ1​=sin2θ2​, we get tan⁡θ+cot⁡θ=2sin⁡2θ.\tan\theta+\cot\theta=\frac{2}{\sin 2\theta}.tanθ+cotθ=sin2θ2​.

Hence, E=2sin⁡18∘−2sin⁡54∘.E=\frac{2}{\sin 18^\circ}-\frac{2}{\sin 54^\circ}.E=sin18∘2​−sin54∘2​.

  1. Use exact values: sin⁡18∘=5−14,\sin 18^\circ=\frac{\sqrt5-1}{4},sin18∘=45​−1​, sin⁡54∘=cos⁡36∘=5+14.\sin 54^\circ=\cos 36^\circ=\frac{\sqrt5+1}{4}.sin54∘=cos36∘=45​+1​.

So, E=2(5−1)/4−2(5+1)/4E=\frac{2}{(\sqrt5-1)/4}-\frac{2}{(\sqrt5+1)/4}E=(5​−1)/42​−(5​+1)/42​ =85−1−85+1.=\frac{8}{\sqrt5-1}-\frac{8}{\sqrt5+1}.=5​−18​−5​+18​.

  1. Simplify: E=8(15−1−15+1)E=8\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt5-1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt5+1}\right)E=8(5​−11​−5​+11​) =8((5+1)−(5−1)(5−1)(5+1))=8\left(\frac{(\sqrt5+1)-(\sqrt5-1)}{(\sqrt5-1)(\sqrt5+1)}\right)=8((5​−1)(5​+1)(5​+1)−(5​−1)​) =8(25−1)=8\left(\frac{2}{5-1}\right)=8(5−12​) =8⋅12=4.=8\cdot \frac12=4.=8⋅21​=4.

  2. Therefore, the required integer value is 4.\boxed{4}.4​.

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