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Sets and Relations question

2024 · 31 Jan · Shift 2 · Q57
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Sets and Relations question

2024 · 31 Jan · Shift 2 · Q57

JEE MainMathematicsSets and RelationsNumerical+4 / −1
Let A={1,2,3,…………,100}A=\{1,2,3, \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots, 100\}A={1,2,3,…………,100}. Let RRR be a relation on A\mathrm{A}A defined by (x,y)∈R(x, y) \in R(x,y)∈R if and only if 2x=3y2 x=3 y2x=3y. Let R1R_1R1​ be a symmetric relation on AAA such that R⊂R1R \subset R_1R⊂R1​ and the number of elements in R1R_1R1​ is n\mathrm{n}n. Then, the minimum value of n\mathrm{n}n is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 66

  1. We need all ordered pairs (x,y)∈A×A(x,y) \in A\times A(x,y)∈A×A such that 2x=3y,2x=3y,2x=3y, where A={1,2,3,…,100}.A=\{1,2,3,\dots,100\}.A={1,2,3,…,100}.

  2. Solve the relation condition. Since 2x=3y2x=3y2x=3y, we must have xxx divisible by 333 and yyy divisible by 222. Let x=3k,y=2kx=3k,\quad y=2kx=3k,y=2k for some positive integer kkk.

Because x,y∈Ax,y\in Ax,y∈A, 3k≤100,2k≤100.3k\le 100,\qquad 2k\le 100.3k≤100,2k≤100. The stricter condition is k≤⌊1003⌋=33.k\le \left\lfloor \frac{100}{3}\right\rfloor=33.k≤⌊3100​⌋=33. So the pairs in RRR are (3k,2k),k=1,2,3,…,33.(3k,2k),\quad k=1,2,3,\dots,33.(3k,2k),k=1,2,3,…,33. Hence, ∣R∣=33.|R|=33.∣R∣=33.

  1. Now R1R_1R1​ must be a symmetric relation containing RRR. A relation is symmetric if whenever (a,b)∈R1(a,b)\in R_1(a,b)∈R1​, then (b,a)∈R1(b,a)\in R_1(b,a)∈R1​ also.

So for every pair (3k,2k)∈R(3k,2k)\in R(3k,2k)∈R, we must also include (2k,3k).(2k,3k).(2k,3k).

  1. Check whether any pair in RRR is already symmetric by itself, i.e. of the form (a,a)(a,a)(a,a). That would require 3k=2k  ⟹  k=0,3k=2k \implies k=0,3k=2k⟹k=0, which is not allowed since k≥1k\ge 1k≥1. So no pair in RRR is of the form (a,a)(a,a)(a,a).

Also, (3k,2k)≠(2k,3k)(3k,2k)\ne (2k,3k)(3k,2k)=(2k,3k) for all k≥1k\ge 1k≥1. Thus each pair in RRR contributes one new distinct reverse pair.

  1. Therefore the smallest symmetric relation containing RRR is R1=R∪R−1,R_1=R\cup R^{-1},R1​=R∪R−1, and since R∩R−1=∅R\cap R^{-1}=\varnothingR∩R−1=∅, ∣R1∣=∣R∣+∣R−1∣=33+33=66.|R_1|=|R|+|R^{-1}|=33+33=66.∣R1​∣=∣R∣+∣R−1∣=33+33=66.

  2. Hence the minimum value of nnn is 66.\boxed{66}.66​.

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