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Sets and Relations question

2022 · 25 Jul · Shift 2 · Q37
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Sets and Relations question

2022 · 25 Jul · Shift 2 · Q37

JEE MainMathematicsSets and RelationsNumerical+4 / −1
Let A={1,2,3,4,5,6,7}A=\{1,2,3,4,5,6,7\}A={1,2,3,4,5,6,7}. Define B={T⊆AB=\{T \subseteq AB={T⊆A: either 1otinT1 otin T1otinT or 2∈T}2 \in T\}2∈T} and C={T⊆A:TC=\{T \subseteq A: TC={T⊆A:T the sum of all the elements of TTT is a prime number }\}}. Then the number of elements in the set B∪CB \cup CB∪C is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 107

  1. Interpret the sets

Let the universe be the power set of AAA, where A={1,2,3,4,5,6,7}.A=\{1,2,3,4,5,6,7\}.A={1,2,3,4,5,6,7}. So total number of subsets is 27=128.2^7=128.27=128.

We are given:

  • B={T⊆A:either 1∉T or 2∈T}B=\{T\subseteq A: \text{either }1\notin T\text{ or }2\in T\}B={T⊆A:either 1∈/T or 2∈T}
  • C={T⊆A:sum of elements of T is prime}C=\{T\subseteq A: \text{sum of elements of }T\text{ is prime}\}C={T⊆A:sum of elements of T is prime}

We need ∣B∪C∣|B\cup C|∣B∪C∣.


  1. Find ∣B∣|B|∣B∣

The condition for BBB is: 1∉Tor2∈T.1\notin T \quad \text{or} \quad 2\in T.1∈/Tor2∈T. This fails only when 1∈Tand2∉T.1\in T \quad \text{and} \quad 2\notin T.1∈Tand2∈/T.

So let us count the complement of BBB in P(A)\mathcal P(A)P(A):

  • 111 must be included,
  • 222 must be excluded,
  • the remaining elements 3,4,5,6,73,4,5,6,73,4,5,6,7 are arbitrary.

Hence number of such subsets is 25=32.2^5=32.25=32. Therefore, ∣B∣=128−32=96.|B|=128-32=96.∣B∣=128−32=96.


  1. Find BcB^cBc

Since we need ∣B∪C∣|B\cup C|∣B∪C∣, it is convenient to use ∣B∪C∣=∣B∣+∣C∩Bc∣.|B\cup C|=|B|+|C\cap B^c|.∣B∪C∣=∣B∣+∣C∩Bc∣.

Now Bc={T⊆A:1∈T, 2∉T}.B^c=\{T\subseteq A:1\in T,\ 2\notin T\}.Bc={T⊆A:1∈T, 2∈/T}. So we only need to count those subsets in BcB^cBc whose sum is prime.

Every such subset has the form T={1}∪S,T=\{1\}\cup S,T={1}∪S, where S⊆{3,4,5,6,7}.S\subseteq \{3,4,5,6,7\}.S⊆{3,4,5,6,7}. Thus the sum of elements of TTT is 1+sum(S).1+\text{sum}(S).1+sum(S).


  1. List all possible sums from {3,4,5,6,7}\{3,4,5,6,7\}{3,4,5,6,7}

We need 1+sum(S)1+\text{sum}(S)1+sum(S) to be prime.

Let us enumerate all subsets S⊆{3,4,5,6,7}S\subseteq\{3,4,5,6,7\}S⊆{3,4,5,6,7} and check whether 1+sum(S)1+\text{sum}(S)1+sum(S) is prime.

There are 25=322^5=3225=32 such subsets.

(i) Empty subset

  • S=∅S=\varnothingS=∅, sum =0=0=0, so total =1=1=1 (not prime)

(ii) One-element subsets

  • {3}\{3\}{3}: total 1+3=41+3=41+3=4 (not prime)
  • {4}\{4\}{4}: total 1+4=51+4=51+4=5 (prime)
  • {5}\{5\}{5}: total 1+5=61+5=61+5=6 (not prime)
  • {6}\{6\}{6}: total 1+6=71+6=71+6=7 (prime)
  • {7}\{7\}{7}: total 1+7=81+7=81+7=8 (not prime)

Prime totals here: 222 subsets.

(iii) Two-element subsets

  • {3,4}\{3,4\}{3,4}: total 1+7=81+7=81+7=8 (not prime)
  • {3,5}\{3,5\}{3,5}: total 1+8=91+8=91+8=9 (not prime)
  • {3,6}\{3,6\}{3,6}: total 1+9=101+9=101+9=10 (not prime)
  • {3,7}\{3,7\}{3,7}: total 1+10=111+10=111+10=11 (prime)
  • {4,5}\{4,5\}{4,5}: total 1+9=101+9=101+9=10 (not prime)
  • {4,6}\{4,6\}{4,6}: total 1+10=111+10=111+10=11 (prime)
  • {4,7}\{4,7\}{4,7}: total 1+11=121+11=121+11=12 (not prime)
  • {5,6}\{5,6\}{5,6}: total 1+11=121+11=121+11=12 (not prime)
  • {5,7}\{5,7\}{5,7}: total 1+12=131+12=131+12=13 (prime)
  • {6,7}\{6,7\}{6,7}: total 1+13=141+13=141+13=14 (not prime)

Prime totals here: 333 subsets.

(iv) Three-element subsets

  • {3,4,5}\{3,4,5\}{3,4,5}: total 1+12=131+12=131+12=13 (prime)
  • {3,4,6}\{3,4,6\}{3,4,6}: total 1+13=141+13=141+13=14 (not prime)
  • {3,4,7}\{3,4,7\}{3,4,7}: total 1+14=151+14=151+14=15 (not prime)
  • {3,5,6}\{3,5,6\}{3,5,6}: total 1+14=151+14=151+14=15 (not prime)
  • {3,5,7}\{3,5,7\}{3,5,7}: total 1+15=161+15=161+15=16 (not prime)
  • {3,6,7}\{3,6,7\}{3,6,7}: total 1+16=171+16=171+16=17 (prime)
  • {4,5,6}\{4,5,6\}{4,5,6}: total 1+15=161+15=161+15=16 (not prime)
  • {4,5,7}\{4,5,7\}{4,5,7}: total 1+16=171+16=171+16=17 (prime)
  • {4,6,7}\{4,6,7\}{4,6,7}: total 1+17=181+17=181+17=18 (not prime)
  • {5,6,7}\{5,6,7\}{5,6,7}: total 1+18=191+18=191+18=19 (prime)

Prime totals here: 444 subsets.

(v) Four-element subsets

  • {3,4,5,6}\{3,4,5,6\}{3,4,5,6}: total 1+18=191+18=191+18=19 (prime)
  • {3,4,5,7}\{3,4,5,7\}{3,4,5,7}: total 1+19=201+19=201+19=20 (not prime)
  • {3,4,6,7}\{3,4,6,7\}{3,4,6,7}: total 1+20=211+20=211+20=21 (not prime)
  • {3,5,6,7}\{3,5,6,7\}{3,5,6,7}: total 1+21=221+21=221+21=22 (not prime)
  • {4,5,6,7}\{4,5,6,7\}{4,5,6,7}: total 1+22=231+22=231+22=23 (prime)

Prime totals here: 222 subsets.

(vi) Five-element subset

  • {3,4,5,6,7}\{3,4,5,6,7\}{3,4,5,6,7}: total 1+25=261+25=261+25=26 (not prime)

Prime totals here: 000 subsets.

So, ∣C∩Bc∣=2+3+4+2=11.|C\cap B^c|=2+3+4+2=11.∣C∩Bc∣=2+3+4+2=11.


  1. Compute ∣B∪C∣|B\cup C|∣B∪C∣

Since every subset in BBB is already counted, and among the 323232 subsets in BcB^cBc exactly 111111 belong to CCC, ∣B∪C∣=∣B∣+∣C∩Bc∣=96+11=107.|B\cup C|=|B|+|C\cap B^c|=96+11=107.∣B∪C∣=∣B∣+∣C∩Bc∣=96+11=107.


  1. Final answer

107\boxed{107}107​

This matches the stored correct answer.

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