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Sequences and Series question

2002 · Shift 0 · Q110
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Sequences and Series question

2002 · Shift 0 · Q110

JEE MainMathematicsSequences and SeriesMCQ+4 / −1
If 1, log⁡9  (31−x+2),  log⁡3  (4.3x−1){\log _9}\,\,({3^{1 - x}} + 2),\,\,{\log _3}\,\,({4.3^x} - 1)log9​(31−x+2),log3​(4.3x−1) are in A.P. then x equals
  1. A
    log⁡3 4   {\log _3}\,4\,\,\,log3​4
  2. B
    1− log⁡3 4 1 - \,{\log _3}\,4\,1−log3​4
  3. C
    1− log⁡4 31 - \,{\log _4}\,31−log4​3
  4. D
    log⁡4 3{\log _4}\,3log4​3
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Let the three terms in A.P. be a1=1, a2=log⁡9(31−x+2), a3=log⁡3(4⋅3x−1).a_1=1,\, a_2=\log_9(3^{1-x}+2),\, a_3=\log_3(4\cdot 3^x-1).a1​=1,a2​=log9​(31−x+2),a3​=log3​(4⋅3x−1).

  2. For three numbers in A.P., the middle term is the average of the other two: 2a2=a1+a3.2a_2=a_1+a_3.2a2​=a1​+a3​. So, 2log⁡9(31−x+2)=1+log⁡3(4⋅3x−1).2\log_9(3^{1-x}+2)=1+\log_3(4\cdot 3^x-1).2log9​(31−x+2)=1+log3​(4⋅3x−1).

  3. Convert the base 999 logarithm to base 333: log⁡9A=log⁡3Alog⁡39=12log⁡3A.\log_9 A=\frac{\log_3 A}{\log_3 9}=\frac{1}{2}\log_3 A.log9​A=log3​9log3​A​=21​log3​A. Hence, 2log⁡9(31−x+2)=log⁡3(31−x+2).2\log_9(3^{1-x}+2)=\log_3(3^{1-x}+2).2log9​(31−x+2)=log3​(31−x+2). Therefore the A.P. condition becomes log⁡3(31−x+2)=1+log⁡3(4⋅3x−1).\log_3(3^{1-x}+2)=1+\log_3(4\cdot 3^x-1).log3​(31−x+2)=1+log3​(4⋅3x−1).

  4. Write 111 as log⁡33\log_3 3log3​3: log⁡3(31−x+2)=log⁡33+log⁡3(4⋅3x−1)\log_3(3^{1-x}+2)=\log_3 3+\log_3(4\cdot 3^x-1)log3​(31−x+2)=log3​3+log3​(4⋅3x−1) =log⁡3(3(4⋅3x−1)).=\log_3\big(3(4\cdot 3^x-1)\big).=log3​(3(4⋅3x−1)).

  5. Since logarithms with the same base are equal, their arguments are equal: 31−x+2=3(4⋅3x−1).3^{1-x}+2=3(4\cdot 3^x-1).31−x+2=3(4⋅3x−1). Simplify: 31−x+2=12⋅3x−33^{1-x}+2=12\cdot 3^x-331−x+2=12⋅3x−3 31−x+5=12⋅3x.3^{1-x}+5=12\cdot 3^x.31−x+5=12⋅3x.

  6. Let t=3x>0.t=3^x>0.t=3x>0. Then 31−x=33x=3t.3^{1-x}=\frac{3}{3^x}=\frac{3}{t}.31−x=3x3​=t3​. So the equation becomes 3t+5=12t.\frac{3}{t}+5=12t.t3​+5=12t. Multiply by ttt: 3+5t=12t23+5t=12t^23+5t=12t2 12t2−5t−3=0.12t^2-5t-3=0.12t2−5t−3=0.

  7. Solve the quadratic: 12t2−5t−3=(4t−3)(3t+1)=0.12t^2-5t-3=(4t-3)(3t+1)=0.12t2−5t−3=(4t−3)(3t+1)=0. So, t=34ort=−13.t=\frac{3}{4}\quad \text{or} \quad t=-\frac{1}{3}.t=43​ort=−31​. But t=3x>0t=3^x>0t=3x>0, so t=34.t=\frac{3}{4}.t=43​.

  8. Thus, 3x=343^x=\frac{3}{4}3x=43​ x=log⁡3(34)=log⁡33−log⁡34=1−log⁡34.x=\log_3\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)=\log_3 3-\log_3 4=1-\log_3 4.x=log3​(43​)=log3​3−log3​4=1−log3​4.

  9. Check options:

    • A: log⁡34\log_3 4log3​4 ❌
    • B: 1−log⁡341-\log_3 41−log3​4 ✅
    • C: 1−log⁡431-\log_4 31−log4​3 ❌
    • D: log⁡43\log_4 3log4​3 ❌

Therefore, the correct answer is B.

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