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Permutations and Combinations question

2025 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q50
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Permutations and Combinations question

2025 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q50

JEE MainMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsNumerical+4 / −1
Let m and n,(m<n)\mathrm{n},(\mathrm{m}\lt \mathrm{n})n,(m<n), be two 2-digit numbers. Then the total numbers of pairs (m,n)(\mathrm{m}, \mathrm{n})(m,n), such that gcd⁡(m,n)=6\operatorname{gcd}(m, n)=6gcd(m,n)=6, is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ .
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 64

  1. We need the number of pairs (m,n)(m,n)(m,n) such that:

    • m,nm,nm,n are two-digit numbers,
    • m<nm<nm<n,
    • gcd⁡(m,n)=6\gcd(m,n)=6gcd(m,n)=6.
  2. If gcd⁡(m,n)=6\gcd(m,n)=6gcd(m,n)=6, then both mmm and nnn must be multiples of 666. So write m=6a,n=6bm=6a, \qquad n=6bm=6a,n=6b where gcd⁡(a,b)=1.\gcd(a,b)=1.gcd(a,b)=1.

  3. Since m,nm,nm,n are two-digit numbers, 10≤6a≤99,10≤6b≤99.10 \le 6a \le 99, \qquad 10 \le 6b \le 99.10≤6a≤99,10≤6b≤99. Dividing by 666, 106≤a,b≤996.\frac{10}{6} \le a,b \le \frac{99}{6}.610​≤a,b≤699​. Hence 2≤a,b≤16.2 \le a,b \le 16.2≤a,b≤16.

    Also, since m<nm<nm<n, we need a<b.a<b.a<b.

  4. Therefore the problem reduces to counting pairs (a,b)(a,b)(a,b) such that 2≤a<b≤16,gcd⁡(a,b)=1.2 \le a<b\le 16, \qquad \gcd(a,b)=1.2≤a<b≤16,gcd(a,b)=1.

  5. Count for each bbb the number of integers aaa with 2≤a<b2\le a<b2≤a<b and gcd⁡(a,b)=1\gcd(a,b)=1gcd(a,b)=1.

    For a fixed bbb, the count of integers 1≤a<b1\le a<b1≤a<b coprime to bbb is φ(b)\varphi(b)φ(b). Since a=1a=1a=1 is included in φ(b)\varphi(b)φ(b) but not allowed here, we subtract 111.

    So required count is φ(b)−1\varphi(b)-1φ(b)−1 for each b=3,4,…,16b=3,4,\dots,16b=3,4,…,16.

  6. Now compute: [ \begin{aligned} \varphi(3)-1 &= 2-1=1 \ \varphi(4)-1 &= 2-1=1 \ \varphi(5)-1 &= 4-1=3 \ \varphi(6)-1 &= 2-1=1 \ \varphi(7)-1 &= 6-1=5 \ \varphi(8)-1 &= 4-1=3 \ \varphi(9)-1 &= 6-1=5 \ \varphi(10)-1 &= 4-1=3 \ \varphi(11)-1 &= 10-1=9 \ \varphi(12)-1 &= 4-1=3 \ \varphi(13)-1 &= 12-1=11 \ \varphi(14)-1 &= 6-1=5 \ \varphi(15)-1 &= 8-1=7 \ \varphi(16)-1 &= 8-1=7 \end{aligned} ]

  7. Sum them: 1+1+3+1+5+3+5+3+9+3+11+5+7+7=64.1+1+3+1+5+3+5+3+9+3+11+5+7+7=64.1+1+3+1+5+3+5+3+9+3+11+5+7+7=64.

  8. Hence the total number of pairs (m,n)(m,n)(m,n) is 64.\boxed{64}.64​.

  9. Comparison with stored answer:

    • Derived answer: 646464
    • Stored correct answer: 646464
    • They match.
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