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Permutations and Combinations question

2021 · 27 Aug · Shift 1 · Q40
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Permutations and Combinations question

2021 · 27 Aug · Shift 1 · Q40

JEE MainMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsNumerical+4 / −1
A number is called a palindrome if it reads the same backward as well as forward. For example 285582 is a six digit palindrome. The number of six digit palindromes, which are divisible by 55, is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 100

  1. Form of a six-digit palindrome

A six-digit palindrome has the form abc cba‾\overline{abc\,cba}abccba where:

  • a∈{1,2,…,9}a \in \{1,2,\dots,9\}a∈{1,2,…,9} (since it is a six-digit number),
  • b,c∈{0,1,2,…,9}b,c \in \{0,1,2,\dots,9\}b,c∈{0,1,2,…,9}.

So the number is N=100000a+10000b+1000c+100c+10b+a.N = 100000a + 10000b + 1000c + 100c + 10b + a.N=100000a+10000b+1000c+100c+10b+a.

  1. Divisibility by 55

Since 55=5×11,55 = 5 \times 11,55=5×11, NNN must be divisible by both 555 and 111111.


  1. Condition for divisibility by 5

A number is divisible by 555 if its last digit is 000 or 555.

In the palindrome abccba‾\overline{abccba}abccba, the last digit is aaa. Also aaa is the first digit, so a≠0a \neq 0a=0. Hence the only possibility is a=5.a=5.a=5.


  1. Condition for divisibility by 11

For divisibility by 111111, the difference between the sum of digits in alternating places must be a multiple of 111111.

For abccba‾\overline{abccba}abccba:

  • Sum of digits in odd places =a+c+b= a + c + b=a+c+b,
  • Sum of digits in even places =b+c+a= b + c + a=b+c+a.

Their difference is (a+c+b)−(b+c+a)=0, (a+c+b) - (b+c+a) = 0,(a+c+b)−(b+c+a)=0, which is always divisible by 111111.

So every even-digit palindrome is divisible by 111111. Thus once a=5a=5a=5, divisibility by 555555 is automatically satisfied.


  1. Count the palindromes

Now:

  • a=5a=5a=5 fixed,
  • bbb can be any digit from 000 to 999 → 101010 choices,
  • ccc can be any digit from 000 to 999 → 101010 choices.

Therefore total number of such palindromes is 10×10=100.10 \times 10 = 100.10×10=100.

  1. Final Answer

The number of six-digit palindromes divisible by 555555 is 100.\boxed{100}.100​.

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