We are given
D k = ∣ 1 2 k 2 k − 1 n n 2 + n + 2 n 2 n n 2 + n n 2 + n + 2 ∣ D_k=\begin{vmatrix}
1 & 2k & 2k-1\\
n & n^2+n+2 & n^2\\
n & n^2+n & n^2+n+2
\end{vmatrix} D k = 1 n n 2 k n 2 + n + 2 n 2 + n 2 k − 1 n 2 n 2 + n + 2
and
∑ k = 1 n D k = 96. \sum_{k=1}^{n} D_k = 96. k = 1 ∑ n D k = 96.
We must find n n n .
Simplify the determinant.
Apply row operation:
R 3 → R 3 − R 2 R_3 \to R_3 - R_2 R 3 → R 3 − R 2
Then
D k = ∣ 1 2 k 2 k − 1 n n 2 + n + 2 n 2 0 − 2 n + 2 ∣ . D_k=
\begin{vmatrix}
1 & 2k & 2k-1\\
n & n^2+n+2 & n^2\\
0 & -2 & n+2
\end{vmatrix}. D k = 1 n 0 2 k n 2 + n + 2 − 2 2 k − 1 n 2 n + 2 .
Expand along the third row:
D k = 0 ⋅ C 31 + ( − 2 ) C 32 + ( n + 2 ) C 33 . D_k = 0\cdot C_{31} + (-2)C_{32} + (n+2)C_{33}. D k = 0 ⋅ C 31 + ( − 2 ) C 32 + ( n + 2 ) C 33 .
It is easier to directly compute:
D k = 1 ∣ n 2 + n + 2 n 2 − 2 n + 2 ∣ − 2 k ∣ n n 2 0 n + 2 ∣ + ( 2 k − 1 ) ∣ n n 2 + n + 2 0 − 2 ∣ . D_k =
1\begin{vmatrix} n^2+n+2 & n^2 \\ -2 & n+2 \end{vmatrix}
-2k\begin{vmatrix} n & n^2 \\ 0 & n+2 \end{vmatrix}
+(2k-1)\begin{vmatrix} n & n^2+n+2 \\ 0 & -2 \end{vmatrix}. D k = 1 n 2 + n + 2 − 2 n 2 n + 2 − 2 k n 0 n 2 n + 2 + ( 2 k − 1 ) n 0 n 2 + n + 2 − 2 .
Now evaluate each minor:
∣ n 2 + n + 2 n 2 − 2 n + 2 ∣ = ( n 2 + n + 2 ) ( n + 2 ) − n 2 ( − 2 ) . \begin{vmatrix} n^2+n+2 & n^2 \\ -2 & n+2 \end{vmatrix}
=(n^2+n+2)(n+2)-n^2(-2). n 2 + n + 2 − 2 n 2 n + 2 = ( n 2 + n + 2 ) ( n + 2 ) − n 2 ( − 2 ) .
Expand:
( n 2 + n + 2 ) ( n + 2 ) = n 3 + 3 n 2 + 4 n + 4 , (n^2+n+2)(n+2)=n^3+3n^2+4n+4, ( n 2 + n + 2 ) ( n + 2 ) = n 3 + 3 n 2 + 4 n + 4 ,
so
= n 3 + 3 n 2 + 4 n + 4 + 2 n 2 = n 3 + 5 n 2 + 4 n + 4. = n^3+3n^2+4n+4+2n^2 = n^3+5n^2+4n+4. = n 3 + 3 n 2 + 4 n + 4 + 2 n 2 = n 3 + 5 n 2 + 4 n + 4.
∣ n n 2 0 n + 2 ∣ = n ( n + 2 ) = n 2 + 2 n . \begin{vmatrix} n & n^2 \\ 0 & n+2 \end{vmatrix}=n(n+2)=n^2+2n. n 0 n 2 n + 2 = n ( n + 2 ) = n 2 + 2 n .
Hence contribution is
− 2 k ( n 2 + 2 n ) . -2k(n^2+2n). − 2 k ( n 2 + 2 n ) .
∣ n n 2 + n + 2 0 − 2 ∣ = n ( − 2 ) = − 2 n . \begin{vmatrix} n & n^2+n+2 \\ 0 & -2 \end{vmatrix}=n(-2)=-2n. n 0 n 2 + n + 2 − 2 = n ( − 2 ) = − 2 n .
Hence contribution is
( 2 k − 1 ) ( − 2 n ) = − 4 k n + 2 n . (2k-1)(-2n)=-4kn+2n. ( 2 k − 1 ) ( − 2 n ) = − 4 k n + 2 n .
Therefore,
D k = n 3 + 5 n 2 + 4 n + 4 − 2 k ( n 2 + 2 n ) − 4 k n + 2 n . D_k = n^3+5n^2+4n+4 -2k(n^2+2n) -4kn +2n. D k = n 3 + 5 n 2 + 4 n + 4 − 2 k ( n 2 + 2 n ) − 4 k n + 2 n .
Combine terms:
D k = n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 − 2 k n 2 − 8 k n . D_k = n^3+5n^2+6n+4 -2kn^2-8kn. D k = n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 − 2 k n 2 − 8 k n .
So
D k = n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 − 2 k ( n 2 + 4 n ) . D_k = n^3+5n^2+6n+4 -2k(n^2+4n). D k = n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 − 2 k ( n 2 + 4 n ) .
Sum from k = 1 k=1 k = 1 to n n n :
∑ k = 1 n D k = ∑ k = 1 n ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 ) − 2 ( n 2 + 4 n ) ∑ k = 1 n k . \sum_{k=1}^n D_k
= \sum_{k=1}^n \left(n^3+5n^2+6n+4\right) -2(n^2+4n)\sum_{k=1}^n k. k = 1 ∑ n D k = k = 1 ∑ n ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 ) − 2 ( n 2 + 4 n ) k = 1 ∑ n k .
Since the first part is constant in k k k ,
∑ k = 1 n D k = n ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 ) − 2 ( n 2 + 4 n ) ⋅ n ( n + 1 ) 2 . \sum_{k=1}^n D_k = n(n^3+5n^2+6n+4)-2(n^2+4n)\cdot \frac{n(n+1)}{2}. k = 1 ∑ n D k = n ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 ) − 2 ( n 2 + 4 n ) ⋅ 2 n ( n + 1 ) .
This becomes
= n ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 ) − ( n 2 + 4 n ) n ( n + 1 ) . = n(n^3+5n^2+6n+4) - (n^2+4n)n(n+1). = n ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 ) − ( n 2 + 4 n ) n ( n + 1 ) .
Factor n n n :
= n [ ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 ) − ( n 2 + 4 n ) ( n + 1 ) ] . = n\left[(n^3+5n^2+6n+4) - (n^2+4n)(n+1)\right]. = n [ ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 ) − ( n 2 + 4 n ) ( n + 1 ) ] .
Now,
( n 2 + 4 n ) ( n + 1 ) = n 3 + 5 n 2 + 4 n . (n^2+4n)(n+1)=n^3+5n^2+4n. ( n 2 + 4 n ) ( n + 1 ) = n 3 + 5 n 2 + 4 n .
So,
∑ k = 1 n D k = n [ ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 ) − ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 4 n ) ] = n ( 2 n + 4 ) . \sum_{k=1}^n D_k = n\left[(n^3+5n^2+6n+4)-(n^3+5n^2+4n)\right]
= n(2n+4). k = 1 ∑ n D k = n [ ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 6 n + 4 ) − ( n 3 + 5 n 2 + 4 n ) ] = n ( 2 n + 4 ) .
Thus,
∑ k = 1 n D k = 2 n 2 + 4 n . \sum_{k=1}^n D_k = 2n^2+4n. k = 1 ∑ n D k = 2 n 2 + 4 n .
Given this equals 96 96 96 :
2 n 2 + 4 n = 96. 2n^2+4n=96. 2 n 2 + 4 n = 96.
Divide by 2 2 2 :
n 2 + 2 n = 48. n^2+2n=48. n 2 + 2 n = 48.
So,
n 2 + 2 n − 48 = 0. n^2+2n-48=0. n 2 + 2 n − 48 = 0.
Factor:
( n + 8 ) ( n − 6 ) = 0. (n+8)(n-6)=0. ( n + 8 ) ( n − 6 ) = 0.
Hence,
n = 6 or n = − 8. n=6 \quad \text{or} \quad n=-8. n = 6 or n = − 8.
Since the sum is from k = 1 k=1 k = 1 to n n n , n n n must be a positive integer. Therefore,
n = 6 . \boxed{n=6}. n = 6 .
Comparison with stored answer:
Stored correct answer = 6 6 6 .
Our derived answer also is 6 6 6 , so they agree.