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Functions question

2019 · 11 Jan · Shift 1 · Q39
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Functions question

2019 · 11 Jan · Shift 1 · Q39

JEE MainMathematicsFunctionsMCQ+4 / −1
Let fk(x) = 1k(sin⁡kx+cos⁡kx){1 \over k}\left( {{{\sin }^k}x + {{\cos }^k}x} \right)k1​(sinkx+coskx) for k = 1, 2, 3, ... Then for all x ∈\in∈ R, the value of f4(x) −-− f6(x) is equal to
  1. A
    14{1 \over 4}41​
  2. B
    512{5 \over {12}}125​
  3. C
    −112{{ - 1} \over {12}}12−1​
  4. D
    112{1 \over {12}}121​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. We are given fk(x)=1k(sin⁡kx+cos⁡kx).f_k(x)=\frac{1}{k}\left(\sin^k x+\cos^k x\right).fk​(x)=k1​(sinkx+coskx).

We need to find: f4(x)−f6(x).f_4(x)-f_6(x).f4​(x)−f6​(x).

  1. Write both terms explicitly: f4(x)=14(sin⁡4x+cos⁡4x),f_4(x)=\frac{1}{4}(\sin^4 x+\cos^4 x),f4​(x)=41​(sin4x+cos4x), f6(x)=16(sin⁡6x+cos⁡6x).f_6(x)=\frac{1}{6}(\sin^6 x+\cos^6 x).f6​(x)=61​(sin6x+cos6x).

So, f4(x)−f6(x)=14(sin⁡4x+cos⁡4x)−16(sin⁡6x+cos⁡6x).f_4(x)-f_6(x)=\frac{1}{4}(\sin^4 x+\cos^4 x)-\frac{1}{6}(\sin^6 x+\cos^6 x).f4​(x)−f6​(x)=41​(sin4x+cos4x)−61​(sin6x+cos6x).

  1. Let a=sin⁡2x,b=cos⁡2x.a=\sin^2 x,\quad b=\cos^2 x.a=sin2x,b=cos2x. Then a+b=1.a+b=1.a+b=1. Also, sin⁡4x+cos⁡4x=a2+b2,\sin^4 x+\cos^4 x=a^2+b^2,sin4x+cos4x=a2+b2, sin⁡6x+cos⁡6x=a3+b3.\sin^6 x+\cos^6 x=a^3+b^3.sin6x+cos6x=a3+b3.

Thus, f4(x)−f6(x)=14(a2+b2)−16(a3+b3).f_4(x)-f_6(x)=\frac{1}{4}(a^2+b^2)-\frac{1}{6}(a^3+b^3).f4​(x)−f6​(x)=41​(a2+b2)−61​(a3+b3).

  1. Use identities with a+b=1a+b=1a+b=1.

First, a2+b2=(a+b)2−2ab=1−2ab.a^2+b^2=(a+b)^2-2ab=1-2ab.a2+b2=(a+b)2−2ab=1−2ab.

Second, a3+b3=(a+b)3−3ab(a+b)=1−3ab.a^3+b^3=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)=1-3ab.a3+b3=(a+b)3−3ab(a+b)=1−3ab.

Therefore, f4(x)−f6(x)=14(1−2ab)−16(1−3ab).f_4(x)-f_6(x)=\frac{1}{4}(1-2ab)-\frac{1}{6}(1-3ab).f4​(x)−f6​(x)=41​(1−2ab)−61​(1−3ab).

  1. Expand: =14−ab1???=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{ab}{1?}??=41​−1?ab​?? Let us do it carefully: 14(1−2ab)=14−12ab,\frac{1}{4}(1-2ab)=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{2}ab,41​(1−2ab)=41​−21​ab, 16(1−3ab)=16−12ab.\frac{1}{6}(1-3ab)=\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{2}ab.61​(1−3ab)=61​−21​ab.

Hence, f4(x)−f6(x)=(14−12ab)−(16−12ab).f_4(x)-f_6(x)=\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{2}ab\right)-\left(\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{2}ab\right).f4​(x)−f6​(x)=(41​−21​ab)−(61​−21​ab).

The ababab terms cancel: f4(x)−f6(x)=14−16=3−212=112.f_4(x)-f_6(x)=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{6}=\frac{3-2}{12}=\frac{1}{12}.f4​(x)−f6​(x)=41​−61​=123−2​=121​.

  1. This is independent of xxx, so for all x∈Rx\in\mathbb{R}x∈R, f4(x)−f6(x)=112.f_4(x)-f_6(x)=\frac{1}{12}.f4​(x)−f6​(x)=121​.

  2. Comparing with the options:

  • A: 14\frac1441​
  • B: 512\frac{5}{12}125​
  • C: −112-\frac{1}{12}−121​
  • D: 112\frac{1}{12}121​

So the correct option is D.

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