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Definite Integration question

2021 · 25 Jul · Shift 2 · Q26
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Definite Integration question

2021 · 25 Jul · Shift 2 · Q26

JEE MainMathematicsDefinite IntegrationMCQ+4 / −1
If f(x)={∫0x(5+∣1−t∣)dt,x>25x+1,x≤2f(x) = \left\{ {\begin{matrix} {\int\limits_0^x {\left( {5 + \left| {1 - t} \right|} \right)dt,} } & {x \gt 2} \\ {5x + 1,} & {x \le 2} \\ \end{matrix} } \right.f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​0∫x​(5+∣1−t∣)dt,5x+1,​x>2x≤2​, then
  1. A
    f(x) is not continuous at x = 2
  2. B
    f(x) is everywhere differentiable
  3. C
    f(x) is continuous but not differentiable at x = 2
  4. D
    f(x) is not differentiable at x = 1
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Given function
f(x)={∫0x(5+∣1−t∣) dt,x>25x+1,x≤2f(x)= \begin{cases} \displaystyle \int_0^x \left(5+|1-t|\right)\,dt, & x>2 \\ 5x+1, & x\le 2 \end{cases}f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​∫0x​(5+∣1−t∣)dt,5x+1,​x>2x≤2​

We must check continuity and differentiability, especially at the junction point x=2x=2x=2 and also at x=1x=1x=1.


  1. Simplify the integrand

Since

∣1−t∣={1−t,t≤1t−1,t≥1|1-t|= \begin{cases} 1-t, & t\le 1 \\ t-1, & t\ge 1 \end{cases}∣1−t∣={1−t,t−1,​t≤1t≥1​

we get

5+∣1−t∣={6−t,t≤14+t,t≥15+|1-t|= \begin{cases} 6-t, & t\le 1 \\ 4+t, & t\ge 1 \end{cases}5+∣1−t∣={6−t,4+t,​t≤1t≥1​

For x>2x>2x>2, the interval [0,x][0,x][0,x] crosses t=1t=1t=1, so

f(x)=∫01(6−t) dt+∫1x(4+t) dt.f(x)=\int_0^1 (6-t)\,dt+\int_1^x (4+t)\,dt.f(x)=∫01​(6−t)dt+∫1x​(4+t)dt.

Compute:

∫01(6−t) dt=[6t−t22]01=6−12=112.\int_0^1 (6-t)\,dt=\left[6t-\frac{t^2}{2}\right]_0^1=6-\frac12=\frac{11}{2}.∫01​(6−t)dt=[6t−2t2​]01​=6−21​=211​.

Also,

∫1x(4+t) dt=[4t+t22]1x=4x+x22−(4+12)=4x+x22−92.\int_1^x (4+t)\,dt=\left[4t+\frac{t^2}{2}\right]_1^x =4x+\frac{x^2}{2}-\left(4+\frac12\right) =4x+\frac{x^2}{2}-\frac92.∫1x​(4+t)dt=[4t+2t2​]1x​=4x+2x2​−(4+21​)=4x+2x2​−29​.

Thus for x>2x>2x>2,

f(x)=112+4x+x22−92=1+4x+x22.f(x)=\frac{11}{2}+4x+\frac{x^2}{2}-\frac92 =1+4x+\frac{x^2}{2}.f(x)=211​+4x+2x2​−29​=1+4x+2x2​.

So the function is

f(x)={1+4x+x22,x>25x+1,x≤2f(x)= \begin{cases} 1+4x+\dfrac{x^2}{2}, & x>2 \\ 5x+1, & x\le 2 \end{cases}f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​1+4x+2x2​,5x+1,​x>2x≤2​
  1. Check continuity at x=2x=2x=2

For x≤2x\le 2x≤2,

f(2)=5(2)+1=11.f(2)=5(2)+1=11.f(2)=5(2)+1=11.

Right-hand limit:

lim⁡x→2+f(x)=1+4(2)+222=1+8+2=11.\lim_{x\to 2^+} f(x)=1+4(2)+\frac{2^2}{2}=1+8+2=11.x→2+lim​f(x)=1+4(2)+222​=1+8+2=11.

Left-hand limit:

lim⁡x→2−f(x)=5(2)+1=11.\lim_{x\to 2^-} f(x)=5(2)+1=11.x→2−lim​f(x)=5(2)+1=11.

Hence,

lim⁡x→2f(x)=f(2)=11,\lim_{x\to 2}f(x)=f(2)=11,x→2lim​f(x)=f(2)=11,

so fff is continuous at x=2x=2x=2.

Therefore, Option A is false.


  1. Check differentiability at x=2x=2x=2

For x<2x<2x<2,

f(x)=5x+1  ⟹  f′(x)=5.f(x)=5x+1 \implies f'(x)=5.f(x)=5x+1⟹f′(x)=5.

So the left derivative at x=2x=2x=2 is

f−′(2)=5.f'_-(2)=5.f−′​(2)=5.

For x>2x>2x>2,

f(x)=1+4x+x22  ⟹  f′(x)=4+x.f(x)=1+4x+\frac{x^2}{2} \implies f'(x)=4+x.f(x)=1+4x+2x2​⟹f′(x)=4+x.

So the right derivative at x=2x=2x=2 is

f+′(2)=4+2=6.f'_+(2)=4+2=6.f+′​(2)=4+2=6.

Since

f−′(2)≠f+′(2),f'_-(2)\ne f'_+(2),f−′​(2)=f+′​(2),

fff is not differentiable at x=2x=2x=2.

Thus, Option C is true.

And since it is not differentiable at x=2x=2x=2, Option B is false.


  1. Check differentiability at x=1x=1x=1

Note that for all x≤2x\le 2x≤2, the function is simply

f(x)=5x+1,f(x)=5x+1,f(x)=5x+1,

which is a linear polynomial.

Hence it is differentiable at every point x≤2x\le 2x≤2, including x=1x=1x=1.

So Option D is false.


  1. Conclusion

Only one statement is correct:

C: f(x) is continuous but not differentiable at x=2\boxed{\text{C: } f(x) \text{ is continuous but not differentiable at } x=2}C: f(x) is continuous but not differentiable at x=2​
  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: C

Our derived answer: C

So the derived answer agrees with the stored answer.

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