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Definite Integration question

2021 · 17 Mar · Shift 2 · Q38
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Definite Integration question

2021 · 17 Mar · Shift 2 · Q38

JEE MainMathematicsDefinite IntegrationNumerical+4 / −1
Let In=∫1ex19(log⁡∣x∣)ndx{I_n} = \int_1^e {{x^{19}}{{(\log |x|)}^n}} dxIn​=∫1e​x19(log∣x∣)ndx, where n ∈\in∈ N. If (20)I10 = α\alphaα I9 + β\betaβ I8, for natural numbers α\alphaα and β\betaβ, then α−β\alpha-\betaα−β equals to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 1

  1. Since the interval of integration is [1,e][1,e][1,e], we have x>0x>0x>0, so log⁡∣x∣=log⁡x\log|x|=\log xlog∣x∣=logx.

    Thus In=∫1ex19(log⁡x)n dx.I_n=\int_1^e x^{19}(\log x)^n\,dx.In​=∫1e​x19(logx)ndx.

  2. We need a relation involving I10,I9,I8I_{10}, I_9, I_8I10​,I9​,I8​. Use integration by parts on In=∫1ex19(log⁡x)n dx.I_n=\int_1^e x^{19}(\log x)^n\,dx.In​=∫1e​x19(logx)ndx.

    Take u=(log⁡x)n,dv=x19dx.u=(\log x)^n, \qquad dv=x^{19}dx.u=(logx)n,dv=x19dx. Then du=n(log⁡x)n−1xdx,v=x2020.du=\frac{n(\log x)^{n-1}}{x}dx, \qquad v=\frac{x^{20}}{20}.du=xn(logx)n−1​dx,v=20x20​.

    So, In=[x2020(log⁡x)n]1e−n20∫1ex19(log⁡x)n−1dx.I_n=\left[\frac{x^{20}}{20}(\log x)^n\right]_1^e-\frac{n}{20}\int_1^e x^{19}(\log x)^{n-1}dx.In​=[20x20​(logx)n]1e​−20n​∫1e​x19(logx)n−1dx.

    Hence, In=[x2020(log⁡x)n]1e−n20In−1.I_n=\left[\frac{x^{20}}{20}(\log x)^n\right]_1^e-\frac{n}{20}I_{n-1}.In​=[20x20​(logx)n]1e​−20n​In−1​.

  3. Evaluate the boundary term:

    • At x=ex=ex=e, log⁡e=1\log e=1loge=1, so contribution is e2020\dfrac{e^{20}}{20}20e20​.
    • At x=1x=1x=1, log⁡1=0\log 1=0log1=0, so contribution is 000.

    Therefore, In=e2020−n20In−1.I_n=\frac{e^{20}}{20}-\frac{n}{20}I_{n-1}.In​=20e20​−20n​In−1​.

    Multiply by 202020: 20In=e20−nIn−1.20I_n=e^{20}-nI_{n-1}.20In​=e20−nIn−1​.

  4. Apply this for n=10n=10n=10: 20I10=e20−10I9.(1)20I_{10}=e^{20}-10I_9. \qquad (1)20I10​=e20−10I9​.(1)

    Apply it for n=9n=9n=9: 20I9=e20−9I8.20I_9=e^{20}-9I_8.20I9​=e20−9I8​. So, e20=20I9+9I8.(2)e^{20}=20I_9+9I_8. \qquad (2)e20=20I9​+9I8​.(2)

  5. Substitute (2) into (1): 20I10=(20I9+9I8)−10I9=10I9+9I8.20I_{10}=(20I_9+9I_8)-10I_9=10I_9+9I_8.20I10​=(20I9​+9I8​)−10I9​=10I9​+9I8​.

    Comparing with 20I10=αI9+βI8,20I_{10}=\alpha I_9+\beta I_8,20I10​=αI9​+βI8​, we get α=10,β=9.\alpha=10, \qquad \beta=9.α=10,β=9.

  6. Therefore, α−β=10−9=1.\alpha-\beta=10-9=1.α−β=10−9=1.

So the required integer is 111.

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