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Application of Derivatives question

2019 · 10 Jan · Shift 2 · Q42
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  5. /2019 · 10 Jan · Shift 2 · Q42

Application of Derivatives question

2019 · 10 Jan · Shift 2 · Q42

JEE MainMathematicsApplication of DerivativesMCQ+4 / −1
A helicopter is flying along the curve given by y – x3/2 = 7, (x ≥\ge≥ 0). A soldier positioned at the point (12,7)\left( {{1 \over 2},7} \right)(21​,7) wants to shoot down the helicopter when it is nearest to him. Then this nearest distance is -
  1. A
    1673{1 \over 6}\sqrt {{7 \over 3}}61​37​​
  2. B
    56{{\sqrt 5 } \over 6}65​​
  3. C
    12{1 \over 2}21​
  4. D
    1373{1 \over 3}\sqrt {{7 \over 3}}31​37​​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Equation of the helicopter's path

The curve is y−x3/2=7,x≥0y - x^{3/2} = 7, \qquad x \ge 0y−x3/2=7,x≥0 so y=x3/2+7.y = x^{3/2} + 7.y=x3/2+7.

The soldier is at (12,7).\left(\frac12, 7\right).(21​,7).

So a general point on the curve is P(x,x3/2+7),x≥0.P(x, x^{3/2}+7), \quad x\ge 0.P(x,x3/2+7),x≥0.


  1. Distance from the soldier to a point on the curve

Distance squared is easier to minimize: D2=(x−12)2+((x3/2+7)−7)2.D^2 = \left(x-\frac12\right)^2 + \left((x^{3/2}+7)-7\right)^2.D2=(x−21​)2+((x3/2+7)−7)2.

Thus, D2=(x−12)2+x3.D^2 = \left(x-\frac12\right)^2 + x^3.D2=(x−21​)2+x3.

Let f(x)=(x−12)2+x3,x≥0.f(x)=\left(x-\frac12\right)^2+x^3, \qquad x\ge 0.f(x)=(x−21​)2+x3,x≥0. We minimize f(x)f(x)f(x).


  1. Differentiate and find critical points

f(x)=x2−x+14+x3f(x)=x^2-x+\frac14+x^3f(x)=x2−x+41​+x3 so f′(x)=2x−1+3x2=3x2+2x−1.f'(x)=2x-1+3x^2=3x^2+2x-1.f′(x)=2x−1+3x2=3x2+2x−1.

Set f′(x)=0f'(x)=0f′(x)=0: 3x2+2x−1=0.3x^2+2x-1=0.3x2+2x−1=0.

Solving, x=−2±4+126=−2±46.x=\frac{-2\pm\sqrt{4+12}}{6}=\frac{-2\pm4}{6}.x=6−2±4+12​​=6−2±4​.

So, x=13orx=−1.x=\frac13 \quad \text{or} \quad x=-1.x=31​orx=−1.

Since x≥0x\ge 0x≥0, only x=13x=\frac13x=31​ is valid.


  1. Check that it gives minimum

f′′(x)=6x+2.f''(x)=6x+2.f′′(x)=6x+2. At x=13x=\frac13x=31​, f′′(13)=6⋅13+2=4>0.f''\left(\frac13\right)=6\cdot\frac13+2=4>0.f′′(31​)=6⋅31​+2=4>0. So this gives a minimum.


  1. Compute the minimum distance

At x=13x=\frac13x=31​, D2=(13−12)2+(13)3.D^2=\left(\frac13-\frac12\right)^2+\left(\frac13\right)^3.D2=(31​−21​)2+(31​)3.

Now, 13−12=−16  ⟹  (−16)2=136,\frac13-\frac12=-\frac16 \implies \left(-\frac16\right)^2=\frac1{36},31​−21​=−61​⟹(−61​)2=361​, અને (13)3=127.\left(\frac13\right)^3=\frac1{27}.(31​)3=271​.

Hence, D^2=\frac1{36}+\frac1{27}= rac{3+4}{108}= rac7{108}.

Therefore, D=7108=763=1673.D=\sqrt{\frac7{108}}=\frac{\sqrt7}{6\sqrt3}=\frac16\sqrt{\frac73}.D=1087​​=63​7​​=61​37​​.


  1. Match with the options

D=1673\boxed{D=\frac16\sqrt{\frac73}}D=61​37​​​ which is Option A.


  1. Comparison with stored correct answer

Stored correct answer: A

Our derived answer: A

So they agree.

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