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3D Geometry question

2023 · 11 Apr · Shift 1 · Q45
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  5. /2023 · 11 Apr · Shift 1 · Q45

3D Geometry question

2023 · 11 Apr · Shift 1 · Q45

JEE MainMathematics3D GeometryNumerical+4 / −1
Let a line lll pass through the origin and be perpendicular to the lines l1:r⃗=(ı^−11ȷ^−7k^)+λ(i^+2ȷ^+3k^),λ∈Rl_{1}: \vec{r}=(\hat{\imath}-11 \hat{\jmath}-7 \hat{k})+\lambda(\hat{i}+2 \hat{\jmath}+3 \hat{k}), \lambda \in \mathbb{R}l1​:r=(^−11^​−7k^)+λ(i^+2^​+3k^),λ∈R and l2:r⃗=(−ı^+k^)+μ(2ı^+2ȷ^+k^),μ∈Rl_{2}: \vec{r}=(-\hat{\imath}+\hat{\mathrm{k}})+\mu(2 \hat{\imath}+2 \hat{\jmath}+\hat{\mathrm{k}}), \mu \in \mathbb{R}l2​:r=(−^+k^)+μ(2^+2^​+k^),μ∈R. If P\mathrm{P}P is the point of intersection of lll and l1l_{1}l1​, and Q(∝,β,γ)\mathrm{Q}(\propto, \beta, \gamma)Q(∝,β,γ) is the foot of perpendicular from P on l2l_{2}l2​, then 9(α+β+γ)9(\alpha+\beta+\gamma)9(α+β+γ) is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 5

  1. Write the given lines in vector form

    l1:r⃗=a⃗1+λb⃗1l_1: \vec r = \vec a_1 + \lambda \vec b_1l1​:r=a1​+λb1​ where a⃗1=(1,−11,−7),b⃗1=(1,2,3)\vec a_1=(1,-11,-7),\qquad \vec b_1=(1,2,3)a1​=(1,−11,−7),b1​=(1,2,3)

    l2:r⃗=a⃗2+μb⃗2l_2: \vec r = \vec a_2 + \mu \vec b_2l2​:r=a2​+μb2​ where a⃗2=(−1,0,1),b⃗2=(2,2,1)\vec a_2=(-1,0,1),\qquad \vec b_2=(2,2,1)a2​=(−1,0,1),b2​=(2,2,1)

  2. Let the required line lll pass through origin and be perpendicular to both l1l_1l1​ and l2l_2l2​

    Since PPP is the intersection of lll with l1l_1l1​, point PPP lies on l1l_1l1​ and also on lll. As lll passes through origin, the direction of lll is along OP→\overrightarrow{OP}OP.

    Therefore, if P=(1+λ,−11+2λ,−7+3λ),P=(1+\lambda,-11+2\lambda,-7+3\lambda),P=(1+λ,−11+2λ,−7+3λ), then OP→=P\overrightarrow{OP}=POP=P must be perpendicular to the direction of l1l_1l1​, i.e. P⋅b⃗1=0.P\cdot \vec b_1=0.P⋅b1​=0.

    So, (1+λ)+2(−11+2λ)+3(−7+3λ)=0(1+\lambda)+2(-11+2\lambda)+3(-7+3\lambda)=0(1+λ)+2(−11+2λ)+3(−7+3λ)=0 1+λ−22+4λ−21+9λ=01+\lambda-22+4\lambda-21+9\lambda=01+λ−22+4λ−21+9λ=0 14λ−42=014\lambda-42=014λ−42=0 λ=3.\lambda=3.λ=3.

    Hence, P=(1+3,−11+6,−7+9)=(4,−5,2).P=(1+3,-11+6,-7+9)=(4,-5,2).P=(1+3,−11+6,−7+9)=(4,−5,2).

  3. Use the fact that lll is also perpendicular to l2l_2l2​

    Since QQQ is the foot of perpendicular from PPP to l2l_2l2​, vector PQ→\overrightarrow{PQ}PQ​ is perpendicular to l2l_2l2​. But line lll is perpendicular to l2l_2l2​, and passes through PPP; hence the perpendicular from PPP to l2l_2l2​ is exactly along lll.

    Also, lll passes through origin, so origin lies on this perpendicular. Therefore the foot of the perpendicular from PPP to l2l_2l2​ must be the origin itself if origin lies on l2l_2l2​.

    Check whether origin lies on l2l_2l2​: (−1,0,1)+μ(2,2,1)=(0,0,0).(-1,0,1)+\mu(2,2,1)=(0,0,0).(−1,0,1)+μ(2,2,1)=(0,0,0). From coordinates: −1+2μ=0⇒μ=12,-1+2\mu=0 \Rightarrow \mu=\frac12,−1+2μ=0⇒μ=21​, 0+2μ=0⇒μ=0,0+2\mu=0 \Rightarrow \mu=0,0+2μ=0⇒μ=0, contradiction. So origin is not on l2l_2l2​.

    Hence we find QQQ directly using projection.

  4. Find foot of perpendicular from P=(4,−5,2)P=(4,-5,2)P=(4,−5,2) on l2l_2l2​

    A general point on l2l_2l2​ is Q=(−1+2μ, 2μ, 1+μ).Q=(-1+2\mu,\ 2\mu,\ 1+\mu).Q=(−1+2μ, 2μ, 1+μ).

    Since PQ⊥l2PQ \perp l_2PQ⊥l2​, we must have (Q−P)⋅(2,2,1)=0.(Q-P)\cdot (2,2,1)=0.(Q−P)⋅(2,2,1)=0.

    Now Q−P=(−1+2μ−4, 2μ+5, 1+μ−2)=(2μ−5, 2μ+5, μ−1).Q-P=(-1+2\mu-4,\ 2\mu+5,\ 1+\mu-2)=(2\mu-5,\ 2\mu+5,\ \mu-1).Q−P=(−1+2μ−4, 2μ+5, 1+μ−2)=(2μ−5, 2μ+5, μ−1).

    So, (2μ−5,2μ+5,μ−1)⋅(2,2,1)=0(2\mu-5,2\mu+5,\mu-1)\cdot(2,2,1)=0(2μ−5,2μ+5,μ−1)⋅(2,2,1)=0 2(2μ−5)+2(2μ+5)+(μ−1)=02(2\mu-5)+2(2\mu+5)+(\mu-1)=02(2μ−5)+2(2μ+5)+(μ−1)=0 4μ−10+4μ+10+μ−1=04\mu-10+4\mu+10+\mu-1=04μ−10+4μ+10+μ−1=0 9μ−1=09\mu-1=09μ−1=0 μ=19.\mu=\frac19.μ=91​.

    Therefore,

    =\left(-\frac79,\frac29,\frac{10}{9}\right).$$ Thus, $$\alpha=-\frac79,\quad \beta=\frac29,\quad \gamma=\frac{10}{9}. $$
  5. Compute the required value

    α+β+γ=−79+29+109=59.\alpha+\beta+\gamma=-\frac79+\frac29+\frac{10}{9}=\frac{5}{9}. α+β+γ=−97​+92​+910​=95​.

    Hence, 9(α+β+γ)=9⋅59=5.9(\alpha+\beta+\gamma)=9\cdot \frac59=5. 9(α+β+γ)=9⋅95​=5.

  6. Final Answer

    5\boxed{5}5​

  7. Comparison with stored answer

    Stored correct answer = 555.

    Our derived answer also equals 555, so they agree.

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