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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2020 · 2 Sep · Shift 2 · Q20
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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2020 · 2 Sep · Shift 2 · Q20

JEE MainChemistryPeriodic Table and PeriodicityMCQ+4 / −1
Three elements X, Y and Z are in the 3rd period of the periodic table. The oxides of X, Y and Z, respectively, are basic, amphoteric and acidic. The correct order of the atomic numbers of X, Y and Z is :
  1. A
    X < Z < Y
  2. B
    Y < X < Z
  3. C
    Z < Y < X
  4. D
    X < Y < Z
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Identify the 3rd period elements

The elements in the 3rd period are: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar\text{Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar}Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar with atomic numbers: 11,12,13,14,15,16,17,1811, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 1811,12,13,14,15,16,17,18

  1. Nature of oxides across the 3rd period

Across a period, metallic character decreases from left to right, so the nature of oxides changes as:

  • Basic for strongly metallic elements
  • Amphoteric for borderline metals
  • Acidic for non-metals

In the 3rd period:

  • Na2O\text{Na}_2\text{O}Na2​O and MgO\text{MgO}MgO are basic
  • Al2O3\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3Al2​O3​ is amphoteric
  • SiO2,P2O5,SO3,Cl2O7\text{SiO}_2, \text{P}_2\text{O}_5, \text{SO}_3, \text{Cl}_2\text{O}_7SiO2​,P2​O5​,SO3​,Cl2​O7​ are acidic
  1. Assign X, Y, Z

Given:

  • Oxide of X is basic
  • Oxide of Y is amphoteric
  • Oxide of Z is acidic

So in the 3rd period:

  • X must lie to the left of Al
  • Y = Al
  • Z must lie to the right of Al

Hence the atomic number order is: X<Y<ZX < Y < ZX<Y<Z

  1. Match with options

This corresponds to:

  • Option D: X<Y<ZX < Y < ZX<Y<Z
  1. Comparison with stored correct answer

Stored correct answer is D, which matches our derived answer.

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