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Haloalkanes and Haloarenes question

2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 2 · Q18
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Haloalkanes and Haloarenes question

2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 2 · Q18

JEE MainChemistryHaloalkanes and HaloarenesMCQ+4 / −1
Which among the following halides will generate the most stable carbocation in the nucleophilic substitution reaction?
  1. A
    JEE Main 2025 (Online) 29th January Evening Shift Chemistry - Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Question 19 English Option 1
  2. B
    JEE Main 2025 (Online) 29th January Evening Shift Chemistry - Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Question 19 English Option 2
  3. C
    JEE Main 2025 (Online) 29th January Evening Shift Chemistry - Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Question 19 English Option 3
  4. D
    JEE Main 2025 (Online) 29th January Evening Shift Chemistry - Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Question 19 English Option 4
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

The question asks:

Which halide will generate the most stable carbocation in a nucleophilic substitution reaction?

However, the actual structures for options A, B, C, and D are missing in the prompt. Since carbocation stability depends entirely on the structure of the alkyl/aryl halide, it is not possible to derive the correct answer from the given information alone.

Step 1: What determines carbocation stability?

In nucleophilic substitution reactions proceeding via an SN1S_N1SN​1 mechanism, the halide first forms a carbocation:

R−X→R++X−R-X \rightarrow R^+ + X^-R−X→R++X−

The more stable the carbocation R+R^+R+, the more favorable this step.

General order of carbocation stability is:

benzylic / allylic (resonance-stabilized)>3∘>2∘>1∘>methyl\text{benzylic / allylic (resonance-stabilized)} > 3^\circ > 2^\circ > 1^\circ > \text{methyl}benzylic / allylic (resonance-stabilized)>3∘>2∘>1∘>methyl

Also:

  • Benzylic and allylic carbocations are especially stable due to resonance.
  • Tertiary carbocations are stabilized by hyperconjugation and inductive effects.
  • Vinylic and aryl carbocations are highly unstable.

Step 2: Why the problem cannot be solved definitively

The options are shown only as:

  • A:
  • B:
  • C:
  • D:

with no molecular structures attached.

Therefore, we cannot:

  1. Identify what carbocation each halide would form.
  2. Compare their relative stabilities.
  3. Verify whether option B is truly correct.

Step 3: Comparison with stored answer

The stored correct answer is B, but because the structures are missing, I cannot independently confirm it.

So I do not have enough information to agree with the stored answer on chemical grounds.

If you provide the four halide structures, I can evaluate each one step-by-step and determine the correct option accurately.

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