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Compounds Containing Nitrogen question

2025 · 2 Apr · Shift 1 · Q18
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  5. /2025 · 2 Apr · Shift 1 · Q18

Compounds Containing Nitrogen question

2025 · 2 Apr · Shift 1 · Q18

JEE MainChemistryCompounds Containing NitrogenMCQ+4 / −1
The correct order of basic nature in aqueous solution for the bases NH3,H2 N−NH2,CH3CH2NH2,(CH3CH2)2NH\mathrm{NH}_3, \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~N}-\mathrm{NH}_2, \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2,\left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2\right)_2 \mathrm{NH}NH3​,H2​ N−NH2​,CH3​CH2​NH2​,(CH3​CH2​)2​NH and (CH3CH2)3 N\left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}(CH3​CH2​)3​ N is :
  1. A
    NH3<H2 N−NH2<(CH3CH2)3 N<CH3CH2NH2<(CH3CH2)2NH\mathrm{NH}_3\lt \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~N}-\mathrm{NH}_2\lt \left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}\lt \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2\lt \left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2\right)_2 \mathrm{NH}NH3​<H2​ N−NH2​<(CH3​CH2​)3​ N<CH3​CH2​NH2​<(CH3​CH2​)2​NH
  2. B
    H2 N−NH2<NH3<(CH3CH2)3 N<CH3CH2NH2<(CH3CH2)2NH\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~N}-\mathrm{NH}_2\lt \mathrm{NH}_3\lt \left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}\lt \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2\lt \left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2\right)_2 \mathrm{NH}H2​ N−NH2​<NH3​<(CH3​CH2​)3​ N<CH3​CH2​NH2​<(CH3​CH2​)2​NH
  3. C
    NH2−NH2<NH3<CH3CH2NH2<(CH3CH2)3 N<(CH3CH2)2NH\mathrm{NH}_2-\mathrm{NH}_2\lt \mathrm{NH}_3\lt \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2\lt \left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}\lt \left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2\right)_2 \mathrm{NH}NH2​−NH2​<NH3​<CH3​CH2​NH2​<(CH3​CH2​)3​ N<(CH3​CH2​)2​NH
  4. D
    NH3<H2 N−NH2<CH3CH2NH2<(CH3CH2)2NH<(CH3CH2)3 N\mathrm{NH}_3\lt \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~N}-\mathrm{NH}_2\lt \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2\lt \left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2\right)_2 \mathrm{NH}\lt \left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}NH3​<H2​ N−NH2​<CH3​CH2​NH2​<(CH3​CH2​)2​NH<(CH3​CH2​)3​ N
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Basicity in aqueous solution depends on two main factors:

    • +I+I+I effect of alkyl groups, which increases electron density on nitrogen and tends to increase basicity.
    • Solvation of the conjugate acid in water. Better solvation stabilizes the protonated amine and tends to increase basicity.
  2. Compare ammonia and hydrazine:

    • In hydrazine, H2N−NH2\mathrm{H_2N-NH_2}H2​N−NH2​, one −NH2-\mathrm{NH_2}−NH2​ group exerts a −I-I−I effect on the other nitrogen.
    • This reduces the availability of the lone pair compared with NH3\mathrm{NH_3}NH3​.
    • Therefore, NH2NH2<NH3\mathrm{NH_2NH_2 < NH_3}NH2​NH2​<NH3​
  3. Compare alkyl amines in aqueous solution: For aliphatic amines in water, the general order is: secondary amine>primary amine>tertiary amine>NH3\text{secondary amine} > \text{primary amine} > \text{tertiary amine} > \mathrm{NH_3}secondary amine>primary amine>tertiary amine>NH3​ This is because:

    • Secondary amines have strong +I+I+I effect and still good solvation.
    • Primary amines are next.
    • Tertiary amines, though electronically stronger, are less solvated due to steric hindrance, so in aqueous solution they are less basic than primary and secondary amines.

    Hence for ethylamines: (CH3CH2)2NH>CH3CH2NH2>(CH3CH2)3N\left(\mathrm{CH_3CH_2}\right)_2\mathrm{NH} > \mathrm{CH_3CH_2NH_2} > \left(\mathrm{CH_3CH_2}\right)_3\mathrm{N}(CH3​CH2​)2​NH>CH3​CH2​NH2​>(CH3​CH2​)3​N

  4. Combine all species: From steps 2 and 3, NH2NH2<NH3<(CH3CH2)3N<CH3CH2NH2<(CH3CH2)2NH\mathrm{NH_2NH_2 < NH_3 < \left(CH_3CH_2\right)_3N < CH_3CH_2NH_2 < \left(CH_3CH_2\right)_2NH}NH2​NH2​<NH3​<(CH3​CH2​)3​N<CH3​CH2​NH2​<(CH3​CH2​)2​NH

  5. Match with options: This corresponds to Option B.

  6. Check against stored answer:

    • Stored answer: C
    • Derived answer: B

    Option C places triethylamine more basic than ethylamine: CH3CH2NH2<(CH3CH2)3N\mathrm{CH_3CH_2NH_2 < \left(CH_3CH_2\right)_3N}CH3​CH2​NH2​<(CH3​CH2​)3​N which is not correct in aqueous solution because tertiary amines are less solvated than primary amines.

Therefore, the stored answer appears incorrect.

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