Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R) : Assertion (A) : A simple distillation can be used to separate a mixture of propanol and propanone. Reason (R) : Two liquids with a difference of more than 20 ^\circ in their boiling points can be separated by simple distillations. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

Basics of Organic Chemistry PYQ — JEE Main 2021 · 31 Aug · Shift 1 · Q11 with Solution

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Correct answer: D

Identify the boiling points of the two liquids
- Propanone (acetone): boiling point $\approx 56^\circ\text{C}$
- Propanol (generally propan-1-ol): boiling point $\approx 97^\circ\text{C}$
Therefore, the difference in boiling points is $97 - 56 = 41^\circ\text{C}$
Check Assertion (A)

Assertion says: A simple distillation can be used to separate a mixture of propanol and propanone.

Since the boiling point difference is about $41^\circ\text{C}$ , which is quite large, these two liquids can indeed be separated by simple distillation.

So, Assertion (A) is true.
Check Reason (R)

Reason says: Two liquids with a difference of more than $20^\circ$ in their boiling points can be separated by simple distillation.

This is a standard rule used in separation of liquids: if the boiling point difference is sufficiently large (commonly taken as more than $20$ – $25^\circ\text{C}$ ), simple distillation is suitable.

Hence, Reason (R) is true.
Check whether (R) explains (A)

In this case, the boiling point difference between propanol and propanone is $41^\circ\text{C}$ , which is greater than $20^\circ\text{C}$ . Therefore, the reason directly explains why simple distillation can be used.

So, (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Final conclusion
- (A) is true
- (R) is true
- (R) correctly explains (A)
Therefore, the correct option is D.

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Correct answer: D

Identify the boiling points of the two liquids
- Propanone (acetone): boiling point $\approx 56^\circ\text{C}$
- Propanol (generally propan-1-ol): boiling point $\approx 97^\circ\text{C}$
Therefore, the difference in boiling points is $97 - 56 = 41^\circ\text{C}$
Check Assertion (A)

Assertion says: A simple distillation can be used to separate a mixture of propanol and propanone.

Since the boiling point difference is about $41^\circ\text{C}$ , which is quite large, these two liquids can indeed be separated by simple distillation.

So, Assertion (A) is true.
Check Reason (R)

Reason says: Two liquids with a difference of more than $20^\circ$ in their boiling points can be separated by simple distillation.

This is a standard rule used in separation of liquids: if the boiling point difference is sufficiently large (commonly taken as more than $20$ – $25^\circ\text{C}$ ), simple distillation is suitable.

Hence, Reason (R) is true.
Check whether (R) explains (A)

In this case, the boiling point difference between propanol and propanone is $41^\circ\text{C}$ , which is greater than $20^\circ\text{C}$ . Therefore, the reason directly explains why simple distillation can be used.

So, (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Final conclusion
- (A) is true
- (R) is true
- (R) correctly explains (A)
Therefore, the correct option is D.