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Wave Optics question

2013 · Shift 1 · Q56
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Wave Optics question

2013 · Shift 1 · Q56

JEE AdvancedPhysicsWave OpticsMCQ+3 / −1
In the Young's double-slit experiment using a monochromatic light of wavelength λ\lambdaλ, the path difference (in terms of an integer n) corresponding to any point having half the peak intensity is
  1. A
    (2n+1)λ2(2n + 1){\lambda \over 2}(2n+1)2λ​
  2. B
    (2n+1)λ4(2n + 1){\lambda \over 4}(2n+1)4λ​
  3. C
    (2n+1)λ8(2n + 1){\lambda \over 8}(2n+1)8λ​
  4. D
    (2n+1)λ16(2n + 1){\lambda \over {16}}(2n+1)16λ​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Intensity formula in YDSE

For two coherent sources of equal intensity, the intensity at a point with phase difference ϕ\phiϕ is

I=Imax⁡cos⁡2(ϕ2)I = I_{\max} \cos^2\left(\frac{\phi}{2}\right)I=Imax​cos2(2ϕ​)

Also, phase difference and path difference Δ\DeltaΔ are related by

ϕ=2πλ Δ\phi = \frac{2\pi}{\lambda}\,\Deltaϕ=λ2π​Δ

So,

I=Imax⁡cos⁡2(πΔλ)I = I_{\max} \cos^2\left(\frac{\pi \Delta}{\lambda}\right)I=Imax​cos2(λπΔ​)


  1. Condition for half the peak intensity

We need

I=Imax⁡2I = \frac{I_{\max}}{2}I=2Imax​​

Hence,

Imax⁡cos⁡2(πΔλ)=Imax⁡2I_{\max} \cos^2\left(\frac{\pi \Delta}{\lambda}\right) = \frac{I_{\max}}{2}Imax​cos2(λπΔ​)=2Imax​​

cos⁡2(πΔλ)=12\cos^2\left(\frac{\pi \Delta}{\lambda}\right) = \frac{1}{2}cos2(λπΔ​)=21​

This gives

cos⁡(πΔλ)=±12\cos\left(\frac{\pi \Delta}{\lambda}\right) = \pm \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}cos(λπΔ​)=±2​1​

Therefore,

πΔλ=(2n+1)π4,n∈Z\frac{\pi \Delta}{\lambda} = \frac{(2n+1)\pi}{4}, \quad n\in \mathbb{Z}λπΔ​=4(2n+1)π​,n∈Z

So,

Δ=(2n+1)λ4\Delta = \frac{(2n+1)\lambda}{4}Δ=4(2n+1)λ​


  1. Match with options

The required path difference is

(2n+1)λ4\boxed{\frac{(2n+1)\lambda}{4}}4(2n+1)λ​​

This corresponds to Option B.


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: B

Our derived answer: B

So, they agree.

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