- A
- B
- C
- D
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Correct answer: B, D
The user wants me to solve a physics problem from the topic of Units and Measurements.
The question asks to identify the dimensionally correct expression(s) for a length scale l.
This length scale l depends on:
- Permittivity of a dielectric material,
ε. - Boltzmann constant,
kB. - Absolute temperature,
T. - Number per unit volume of charged particles,
n. - Charge of each particle,
q.
The problem is of type MCQM (Multiple Correct Questions). I need to check the dimensional correctness of each of the four given options.
Step 1: Find the dimensions of all the given physical quantities.
-
Length scale (l): The dimension of length is
[L]. So,[l] = [L]. -
Permittivity (ε): From Coulomb's law, the force
Fbetween two chargesq1andq2separated by a distanceris given by . So, . Dimensions:[q] = [A T](since currentI = q/t)[r] = [L]. -
Boltzmann constant (kB): The kinetic energy of a gas molecule is related to temperature by
E = (3/2) * kB * T. So,kB = E / T. Dimensions:[E](Energy) =[T](Temperature) =[K](using K for Kelvin) . -
Absolute temperature (T): Dimension of temperature is
[K]. So,[T] = [K]. -
Number per unit volume (n):
n = Number / Volume. Number is dimensionless. Volume has dimension . So, . -
Charge (q): Dimension of charge is
[A T]. So,[q] = [A T].
Summary of dimensions:
[l] = [L]
[T] = [K]
[q] = [A T]
Step 2: Check the dimensions of each option.
The left-hand side (LHS) for all options is l, so [LHS] = [L].
We need to find the dimensions of the right-hand side (RHS) for each option and see if it equals [L].
Option A:
Dimensions of the expression inside the square root:
So, the dimension of the RHS is .
Since [LHS] = [L] and , this option is dimensionally incorrect.
Option B:
This is the reciprocal of the expression inside the square root of option A.
Dimensions of the expression inside the square root:
So, the dimension of the RHS is .
Since [LHS] = [L] and [RHS] = [L], this option is dimensionally correct.
Option C:
Dimensions of the expression inside the square root:
First, .
So, the dimension of the RHS is .
Since [LHS] = [L] and , this option is dimensionally incorrect.
Option D:
Dimensions of the expression inside the square root:
First, .
So, the dimension of the RHS is .
Since [LHS] = [L] and [RHS] = [L], this option is dimensionally correct.
Conclusion Based on the dimensional analysis, options B and D are dimensionally correct expressions for length.
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