- Adue to the errors in the measurements of d and l are the same.
- Bdue to the error in the measurement of d is twice that due to the error in the measurement of l.
- Cdue to the error in the measurement of l is twice that due to the error in the measurement of d.
- Ddue to the error in the measurement of d is four times that due to the error in the measurement of l.
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Correct answer: A
Step-by-step Solution:
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Identify the given formula and variables: The formula for Young's modulus (Y) is given as: The given measured values are:
- Length of the wire, m
- Diameter of the wire, mm
- Mass, kg
- Extension in length, mm
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Determine the formula for maximum probable error: The maximum probable relative error in the measurement of Y can be found by taking the logarithm and differentiating the formula, or by using the standard formula for propagation of errors. Assuming M, L, and g are measured with high precision or are constants for this problem, the error in Y primarily depends on the errors in measuring and . The relative error in Y is given by: The terms on the right side represent the contributions to the total relative error from the measurements of and respectively.
- Contribution due to error in :
- Contribution due to error in :
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Calculate the least count of the measuring instruments: Both diameter () and extension () are measured using instruments (a screw gauge and a micrometer) with the same specifications:
- Pitch = 0.5 mm
- Number of divisions on the circular scale = 100 The least count (LC) of these instruments is: The least count represents the maximum possible error (or uncertainty) in a single measurement. Therefore, we take:
- Error in measuring , mm
- Error in measuring , mm
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Calculate the contributions to the error from and : Now, we can calculate the numerical values of the contributions and .
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Contribution from extension ():
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Contribution from diameter ():
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Compare the contributions: We find that and . Therefore: The contributions to the maximum probable error of the Y measurement due to the errors in the measurements of and are the same.
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Conclusion: Based on the calculation, the correct option is A.
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